Characterization of polysaccharide from Pleurotus eryngii during simulated gastrointestinal digestion and fermentation

Ma, Gaoxing; Xu, Qingyang; Du, Hengjun; Kimatu, Benard Muinde; Su, Anxiang; Yang, Wenjian; Hu, Qiuhui; Xiao, Hang

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131303

Cited by 68 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Based on these results, it was confirmed that the artificial gastric and small intestinal medium had little effect on the glycosidic bond of the CPP. Similar results were observed in other studies on polysaccharides from natural sources [ 30 , 31 ], which may be due to these polysaccharides having an unusual structure and not containing starch. Notably, starch can be easily digested by digestive juice, which influences the experimental results to make a correct conclusion.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Chlorella pyrenoidosa Polysaccharides as a Prebiotic to Modulate Gut Microbiota: Physicochemical Properties and Fermentation Characteristics In Vitro

Lv,

Yuan,

et al. 2022

Foods

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This study was conducted to investigate the prebiotic potential of Chlorella pyrenoidosa polysaccharides to provide useful information for developing C. pyrenoidosa as a green healthy food. C. pyrenoidosa polysaccharides were prepared and their physicochemical characteristics were determined. The digestibility and fermentation characteristics of C. pyrenoidosa polysaccharides were evaluated using in vitro models. The results revealed that C. pyrenoidosa polysaccharides were composed of five non-starch polysaccharide fractions with monosaccharide compositions of Man, Rib, Rha, GlcA, Glc, Gal, Xyl and Ara. C. pyrenoidosa polysaccharides could not be degraded under saliva and the gastrointestinal conditions. However, the molecular weight and contents of residual carbohydrates and reducing sugars of C. pyrenoidosa polysaccharides were significantly reduced after fecal fermentation at a moderate speed. Notably, C. pyrenoidosa polysaccharides could remarkably modulate gut microbiota, including the promotion of beneficial bacteria, inhibition of growth of harmful bacteria, and reduction of the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes. Intriguingly, C. pyrenoidosa polysaccharides can promote growth of Parabacteroides distasonis and increase short-chain fatty acid contents, thereby probably contributing to the promotion of intestinal health and prevention of diseases. Thus, these results suggested that C. pyrenoidosa polysaccharides had prebiotic functions with different fermentation characteristics compared with conventional prebiotics such as fructooligosaccharide, and they may be a new prebiotic for improving human health.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Chlorella pyrenoidosa Polysaccharides as a Prebiotic to Modulate Gut Microbiota: Physicochemical Properties and Fermentation Characteristics In Vitro

Lv,

Yuan,

et al. 2022

Foods

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“…SCFAs have been shown to have direct effects on differentiation and proliferation of T and B cells ( 51 , 52 ). P. eryngii polysaccharides can be degraded and utilized by the intestinal flora to produce a variety of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) ( 53 ). Consistent with previous reports, we observed that acetic and butyric acids were significantly upregulated upon administration of APEP-A-b.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

β-1,6-Glucan From Pleurotus eryngii Modulates the Immunity and Gut Microbiota

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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Polysaccharides from Pleurotus eryngii exhibit a variety of biological activities. Here, we obtained a homogeneous branched β-1,6-glucan (APEP-A-b) from the fruiting bodies of P. eryngii and investigated its effect on immunity and gut microbiota. Our results showed that APEP-A-b significantly increases splenic lymphocyte proliferation, NK cell activity and phagocytic capacity of peritoneal cavity phagocytes. Furthermore, we found that the proportion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in lamina propria are significantly increased upon APEP-A-b treatment. Additionally, APEP-A-b supplementation demonstrated pronounced changes in microbiota reflected in promotion of relative abundances of species in the Lachnospiraceae and Rikenellaceae families. Consistently, APEP-A-b significantly increased the concentration of acetic and butyric acid in cecum contents. Overall, our results suggest that β-1,6-glucan from P. eryngii might enhance immunity by modulating microbiota. These results are important for the processing and product development of P. eryngii derived polysaccharides.

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“…Little is known about the protective role of mushrooms on DNA damage, after their fermentation in the gut ( 22 – 26 ), and the main question arising is which metabolites are being associated with the genoprotective effect. During the fermentation process of Pleurotus eryngii mushrooms or their extracts by gut microbiota, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as acetate, propionate and butyrate are produced ( 44 ). SCFAs are involved in many biological processes and might be associated with genoprotective properties ( 23 ), such as those we observed for fermented P. eryngii.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genoprotective activity of the Pleurotus eryngii mushrooms following their in vitro and in vivo fermentation by fecal microbiota

et al. 2022

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Pleurotus eryngii mushrooms are commercially cultivated and widely consumed due to their organoleptic properties, and the low caloric and high nutritional value. In addition, they contain various biologically active and health-promoting compounds; very recently, their genoprotective effect in Caco-2 cells after their fermentation by the human fecal microbiota was also documented. In the current study, the effect of P. eryngii pre- and post-fermentation supernatants in micronuclei formation was evaluated in human lymphocytes. In addition, the genoprotective properties of increasing concentrations of aqueous extracts from P. eryngii mushrooms (150, 300, 600 mg/kg) against the cyclophosphamide-induced DNA damage were studied in young and elderly female and male mice in bone marrow and whole blood cells. The ability of the highest dose (600 mg/kg) to regulate the main cellular signaling pathways was also evaluated in gut and liver tissues of female animals by quantifying the mRNA expression of NrF2, Nfkβ, DNMT1, and IL-22 genes. P. eryngii post-fermentation, but not pre-fermentation, supernatants were able to protect human lymphocytes from the mitomycin C-induced DNA damage in a dose-dependent manner. Similarly, genoprotection was also observed in bone marrow cells of mice treated by gavage with P. eryngii extract. The effect was observed in all the experimental groups of mice (young and elderly, male and female) and was more potent in young female mice. Overexpression of all genes examined was observed in both tissues, mainly among the elderly animals. In conclusion, P. eryngii mushrooms were shown to maintain genome integrity through protecting cells from genotoxic insults. These beneficial effects can be attributed to their antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties, as well as their ability to regulate the cell’s epigenetic mechanisms and maintain cell homeostasis.

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Characterization of polysaccharide from Pleurotus eryngii during simulated gastrointestinal digestion and fermentation

Cited by 68 publications

References 37 publications

Chlorella pyrenoidosa Polysaccharides as a Prebiotic to Modulate Gut Microbiota: Physicochemical Properties and Fermentation Characteristics In Vitro

Chlorella pyrenoidosa Polysaccharides as a Prebiotic to Modulate Gut Microbiota: Physicochemical Properties and Fermentation Characteristics In Vitro

β-1,6-Glucan From Pleurotus eryngii Modulates the Immunity and Gut Microbiota

Genoprotective activity of the Pleurotus eryngii mushrooms following their in vitro and in vivo fermentation by fecal microbiota

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