Characterization of plant polysaccharide- and mucin-fermenting anaerobic bacteria from human feces

Bayliss, Catherine E.; Houston, A P

doi:10.1128/aem.48.3.626-632.1984

Cited by 80 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Pectins are metabolized by many species of the human gut microflora. Isolates reportedly obtained after pectin fermentation include Bacteroides distasonis, Bacteroides ovatus and Bifidobacterium infantis (Bayliss and Houston 1984). These authors observed no selectivity of pectin fermentation towards bifidobacteria: all of the bacteria analysed grew well with both high methylated and low methylated pectin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Comparison of the in vitro bifidogenic properties of pectins and pectic-oligosaccharides

Olano-Martín

Gibson

Rastall³

2002

J Appl Microbiol

237

147

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Aims: To compare the in vitro fermentation properties of pectins and oligosaccharides derived from them in pure and mixed faecal cultures. Methods and Results: Specific growth rates of selected bacterial genera were calculated in pure culture. Bifidobacterium angulatum, B. infantis and B. adolescentis had higher growth rates on pectic oligosaccharides (POS I) derived from high methylated pectin (HMP) than on HMP and B. pseudolongum and B. adolescentis on pectic oligosaccharides (POS II) derived from low methylated pectin than on HMP. Controlled pH batch mixed faecal cultures were then carried out and a prebiotic index was calculated as a mean to compare the fermentation properties of the different substrates. In general, greater fermentation selectivity was obtained with lower degrees of methylation (PI24 -HMP ¼ )0AE11, PI24 -LMP ¼ 0AE033; PI24 -POS I ¼ 0AE071 and PI 24-POS II ¼ 0AE092). An effect of size on prebiotic potential was observed, with the oligosaccharides having more selective fermentation properties than the pectins they derived from. Conclusions: The degree of methylation plays an important role in the fermentation properties of pectins. Pectic-oligosaccharides are a better prebiotic candidate than the pectins, although their bifidogenic effect is low compared to oligofructose. Significance and Impact of the Study: The effect of size on prebiotic potential was demonstrated. Non-selectively fermented polysaccharides like pectin can have their bifidogenic properties improved by partial hydrolysis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Comparison of the in vitro bifidogenic properties of pectins and pectic-oligosaccharides

Olano-Martín

Gibson

Rastall³

2002

J Appl Microbiol

237

147

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“…Homologs of enzymes needed to feed glucose, gluconate, sucrose, lactose, fructose, galactose, NAc-glucosamine, NAc-galactosamine, arabinose, xylose, ribose, cellobiose, melibiose, gentobiose, maltose, isomaltose, raffinose, mannose, into the fructose-6-phosphate shunt are present [85]. Physiological data confirm that bifidobacteria can indeed utilise complex carbohydrates such as, hog gastric mucin [86], xylo-oligosaccharides [6], pectin [87], plant oligosaccharides [88][89][90][91] and fructo-oligosaccharides [6,92]. Hence, bifidobacteria can adapt to process a variety of indigestible components of our diet.…”

Section: Carbohydrate Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 92%

Lessons from the genomes of bifidobacteria

Klijn

Mercenier

Arigoni

2005

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

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The gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem composed of hundreds of different bacterial species that altogether play an important role in the physiology of their host. In the past few years the complete genome sequence of a number of bacterial strains isolated from the human gastrointestinal tract has been established including that of Bifidobacterium longum NCC2705 isolated from the feces of a healthy infant. Bifidobacteria are among the first species to colonise the human gastrointestinal tract and as such are believed to play an important role in gut homeostasis and normal development. The genome sequence of NCC2705 has revealed a number of features that suggest how this bacterium has adapted to its environment and that could help understanding how it interacts with its host. Here, we review general features of bifidobacteria and illustrate how genome-based approaches can help us better understand the biology of these organisms.

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“…Faeces from two adult volunteers, who had received no antibiotic treatment for at least 3 months, were collected and diluted ( x 6-10) in anaerobic dilution solution (Bryant and Burkey 1953) as described by Bayliss and Houston (1984). Diluted faeces (1 ml) were added to l00ml medium containing the dietary fibre substrate and incubated at 37°C for the appropriate time.…”

Section: Inocula and Fermentation Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of cell wall material of apple and wheat bran by human faecal bacteria in vitro

et al. 1988

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A B S T R A C TThe effect of the structures of plant cell walls and their component polymers on the degradability of dietary fibre by bacteria of the human colon was investigated by inoculating culture media containing cell wall materials of apple and wheat bran with slurries of human faeces which were then incubated for periods of up to 72 h. In the apple substrates the amounts of pectic polysaccharides were extensively depleted afer 12 h, and afer 24 h over 90% of the initial carbohydrate had been degraded. Material which remained afer incubation was probably comprised of highly branched fragments of rhamnogalacturonans, cross-linked by phenolics and proteins, highly branched fragments of cross-linked xyloglucans, and degraded cellulose. In wheat bran the aleurone layer was preferentially degraded, but the glucuronoarabinoxylans, which were cross-linked by phenolic groups, and the lignified outer layers of the bran were very resistant to attack. Bacteria adhered mainly to the broken or damaged surfaces of the plant cell walls, and in the more resistant tissues only penetrated the intercellular regions.

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Characterization of plant polysaccharide- and mucin-fermenting anaerobic bacteria from human feces

Cited by 80 publications

References 23 publications

Comparison of the in vitro bifidogenic properties of pectins and pectic-oligosaccharides

Comparison of the in vitro bifidogenic properties of pectins and pectic-oligosaccharides

Lessons from the genomes of bifidobacteria

Degradation of cell wall material of apple and wheat bran by human faecal bacteria in vitro

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