Characterization of phytoconstituents and evaluation of antimicrobial activity of silver-extract nanoparticles synthesized from Momordica charantia fruit extract

Abstract

BackgroundOur present study was conducted to characterize the phytoconstituents present in the aqueous extract of Momordica charantia and evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of silver-extract nanoparticles (Ag-Extract-NPs).MethodsSilver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were prepared by reducing AgNO3; and NaBH4 served as reducing agent. After screening of phytochemicals; AgNPs and aqueous extract were mixed thoroughly and then coated by polyaniline. These NPs were characterized by using Visual inspection, UV spectroscopy, FTIR, SEM and TEM techniques. Antimicrobial activities were assessed against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.ResultsAqueous extract of M. charantia fruits contain alkaloid, phenol, saponin etc. UV–Vis spectrum showed strong absorption peak around 408 nm. The presence of –CH, −NH, −COOH etc. stretching in FTIR spectrum of Ag-Extract-NPs endorsed that AgNPs were successfully capped by bio-compounds. SEM and TEM result revealed that synthesized NPs had particle size 78.5–220 nm. Ag-Extract-NPs showed 34.6 ± 0.8 mm zone of inhibition against E. coli compared to 25.6 ± 0.5 mm for ciprofloxacin. Maximum zone of inhibition for Ag-Extract-NPs were 24.8 ± 0.7 mm, 26.4 ± 0.4 mm, 7.4 ± 0.4 mm for S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and S. typhi. We found that Ag-Extract-NPs have much better antibacterial efficacy than AgNPs and M. charantia extract has individually. It is also noticed that gram negative bacteria (except S. typhi) are more susceptible to Ag-Extract-NPs than gram positive bacteria.ConclusionAg-Extract-NPs showed strong antibacterial activity. In order to make a reliable stand for mankind, further study is needed to consider determining the actual biochemical pathway by which AgNPs-extracts exert their antimicrobial effect.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-017-1843-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Inhibitory effects of Inula britannica extract fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11613P on coagulase activity and growth of Staphylococcus aureus including methicillin‐resistant strains

“…Plant‐derived antimicrobials have been researched and consumed frequently over the past decade to improve quality of health and provide ethnopharmacological remedies (Nittayananta, Limsuwan, Srichana, Sae‐Wong, & Amnuaikit, ; Tang, Prodhan, Biswas, Le, & Sekaran, ). Flavonoid, which is the most abundant type of polyphenolic compound found in plant materials, was studied to increase in concentration and antibacterial activity using acid hydrolysis (Min, Kim, Lee, Kim, & Paik, ), fermentation (Saleh et al, ), and silver nanoparticles (Rashid et al, ). In this study, fermentation was used to increase the antimicrobial activity of I. britannica extract.…”

“…In this study, phenolic compound compo- 2018). Flavonoid, which is the most abundant type of polyphenolic compound found in plant materials, was studied to increase in concentration and antibacterial activity using acid hydrolysis (Min, Kim, Lee, Kim, & Paik, 2014), fermentation (Saleh et al, 2018), and silver nanoparticles (Rashid et al, 2017). In this study, fermentation was used to increase the antimicrobial activity of I. britannica extract.…”

Electrochemical properties of biogenic silver nanoparticles synthesized using Hagenia abyssinica (Brace) JF. Gmel. medicinal plant leaf extract

“…All these near spherical particles with varying sizes from 8.51 nm to 42.1 nm with an average particle size of 24.08 nm as determined by imageJ application are as shown in figures 6(a) and (b). The Ag NPs appeared to have no direct contact with each other even within the small aggregates, indicating efficient stabilization of the nanoparticles by a capping agents of the plant leaf extract [34]. The SAED pattern of g-Ag NPs (figure 6(c)) contained four spots each corresponding to specific crystal planes.…”

Antimicrobial Activity and Chemical Composition of Momordica Charantia: A Review

“…90 This represents a new weapon against bacterial resistance to antibiotics. In addition, silver nanoparticles have been studied with M. charantia 52,[91][92][93] although studies are still lacking to determine the real biochemical route by which it exerts its antimicrobial effects.…”