Characterization of petroleum bitumens and their fractions by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry

Molecular dynamics study of interfacial mechanical behavior between asphalt binder and mineral aggregate

“…In general, asphalt exhibits a glass transition temperature around 253 K (À20°C), and it varies in a very wide range from +10°C down to À40°C depending essentially on the crude origin and somewhat less on the process [35] and [36]. From the agreement between the calculated results and experimental values, the asphalt molecular models together with potential used in the OPLS force field were validated.…”

The colloidal structure of bitumen: Consequences on the rheology and on the mechanisms of bitumen modification

“…Bitumen exhibits a glass transition around −20°C, although it varies in a very wide range from +5°C down to −40°C depending essentially on the crude origin and somewhat less on the process [19][20][21][22][23]. The transition range typically spans 30 to 45°C and − 20°C corresponds to the typical midpoint value [23].…”

“…Traces of metals are also found, the most numerous being typically vanadium, up to 2000 parts per million (ppm), and nickel (up to 200 ppm) (Table 1 - [10,17,22,26]). …”

A New PVC-Activated Charcoal Fiber Coated on Silver Wire; Application in Determination of n-Alkanes in the Headspace of Soil Samples by SPME-GC

“…Capillary gas chromatography, [12][13][14] high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with gas chromatography, 15 sizeexclusion chromatography, [16][17][18] and many other advanced analytical methods have been used for this purpose. 19,20 Solid phase microextraction (SPME), which was first presented by Arthur and Pawliszyn in 1990, is a solvent-free alternative to the other common preconcentration and samplepreparation techniques. 21 The use of various SPME fibers for environmental applications has been widely studied.…”