Characterization of Nuclear Microsatellite Markers for the Narrow Endemic Syringa josikaea Jacq. fil. ex Rchb.

Abstract

The species of the genus Syringa L. are among the most popular ornamental plants worldwide. One particular species, Syringa josikaea, a rare endemic of the Carpathian Mountains, is of great conservation interest. Although microsatellite markers may be useful for studying the genetic variability of varieties and populations, no microsatellites have previously been characterized for any species of the Syringa genus. Our aim was therefore to test the applicability of microsatellite primers developed for neighboring genera (Olea and Ligustrum) and to complement these with markers isolated and characterized for S. josikaea. Twelve primer pairs of Olea and Ligustrum were tested by optimizing PCR conditions and checking the variability in 40 samples of two populations of S. josikaea. Two of them proved to be easy to PCR amplify and variable at the same time. To develop new primers we constructed a microsatellite enriched library and sequenced 48 clones. 18 sequences contained microsatellite motifs, and three of the designed primer pairs presented high allele variability. The five primer pairs characterized for S. josikaea proved to be highly informative and sufficient to distinguish between individuals. These microsatellite primers are valuable tools to study genetic variation of native populations, genetic lineages of hybrids and cultivars of S. josikaea.

Phylogeography ofSyringa josikaea(Oleaceae): Early Pleistocene divergence from East Asian relatives and survival in small populations in the Carpathians

“…Five highly variable nuclear microsatellite loci were amplified for all 179 samples. Three of them were markers developed for S. josikaea (Lendvay, Pedryc & Höhn, ) and two for Ligustrum ovalifolium Hassk. (Kodama, Yamada & Maki, ).…”

Polyvariance of Floral Organogenesis of Syringa josikaea Jacq. (Oleaceae) in the Conditions of the Arctic Urbanized Territory

“…josikaea is an endemic shrub of the Western Carpathians, a relic of Tertiary period, with a narrow range and endangered [16], [17]. Several local populations exist here on small plots in valleys along creeks, often represented by only several instances and separated by large distances.…”

“…The genus Syringa L. is widely spread in various regions of the world due to its decorativeness, while the data on the number of species are contradictory [16], [27]. Some researchers believe that there are 40 species of lilacs spreading both in Europe and in Asia [27].…”

“…Some researchers believe that there are 40 species of lilacs spreading both in Europe and in Asia [27]. According to other sources, the genus Syringa L. includes 27 species, 25 of which come from Asia and only 2 from Europe [16]. One of the European species is Syringa josikaea Jack.…”

A Jósika-orgona (Syringa josikaea Jacq. fil. ex Rchb.) aktuális és történeti biogeográfiája

“…Syr4: KC540699; Syr5: KC540700; Syr9: KC540701, Lendvay et al 2013). Ez a három újonnan tervezett marker 36, 36 és 3+31+6 tandem ismétlődést tartalmaz (8. táblázat).…”