The interaction between carbon and hydrogen atoms on a Ru(0001) surface was studied using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), Density Functional Theory (DFT) and STM image calculations.Formation of CH species by reaction between adsorbed H and C was observed to occur readily at 100 K.When the coverage of H increased new complexes of the form CH+nH (n = 1, 2 and 3) were observed. These complexes, never observed before, might be precursors for further hydrogenation reactions. DFT analysis reveals that a considerable energy barrier exists for the CH+H CH 2 reaction. * Current address: Surface Chemistry Lab., RIKEN (The institute of physical and chemical research), 2-