Characterization of measles sequences from Pune, India

Wairagkar, Niteen; Rota, Paul A.; Liffick, Stephanie; Shaikh, Naseem; Padbidri, V S; Bellini, William J.

doi:10.1002/jmv.10228

Cited by 23 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Molecular studies in India have detected the presence of measles virus and described the circulation of the indigenous genotypes D4, D7, D8 and A [30,32]. Although circulation of D4 and D8 have been documented since 1996 on the Indian subcontinent [32], this time, we found only genotype D8 and one genotype A vaccine-associated case in the studied epidemic areas.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

Epidemiology and genetic relatedness of measles virus infection in Uttar Pradesh, India, during 2009-2010

et al. 2012

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Measles surveillance and epidemiological investigation are beneficial tools for genetic analysis and documentation of the interruption of transmission of endemic measles. In this study, areas of Uttar Pradesh, India, associated with measles outbreaks were investigated. Random blood and urine samples were collected from clinically defined cases. The cases were investigated through extensive house-to house surveys. The cases were diagnosed clinically and serologically, and through genotyping of the virus. All of the cases were found to be serologically positive for measles. In the studied population, a 1.9% case fatality rate and an overall 16% attack rate of measles virus were found. Out of 10 outbreak areas, the measles virus D8 genotype was found in nine, and the D8 and A genotypes were found in the remaining area. This study calls for an improved surveillance system and intensive characterization of genotypes in circulation for the measles elimination program in India.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

Epidemiology and genetic relatedness of measles virus infection in Uttar Pradesh, India, during 2009-2010

et al. 2012

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“…In 2005, sporadic outbreaks were reported in Chiba and Ibaraki Prefectures, caused by the Palau type D5. In Asian countries, several different indigenous genotypes have been reported: H1 in China [Xu et al, 1998], G2 in Indonesia and Malaysia [Rota et al, 2000], D4 in India [Wairagkar et al, 2002], D3 in Papua New Guinea [Miki et al, 2002], and D7 in Australia [Chibo et al, 2003]. D8 in Nepal [Truong et al, 2001] and D9 in Australia [Chibo et al, 2003] were also reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Modified adult measles in outbreaks in Japan, 2007–2008

Nagai¹,

Xin

Yoshida

et al. 2009

Journal of Medical Virology

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Different genotypes of C1, D3, D5, and H1 were isolated in outbreaks of 1984, 1987-1988, 1991-1993, and 2001, respectively, when the previous circulating genotype was replaced successively by a new genotype, through molecular studies of measles since 1984 in Japan. In March 2007, several patients with measles were observed in outpatient clinics, who were all young adolescents in high school and university students. The outbreak expanded subsequently throughout Japanese districts in May and is still ongoing in 2008. Reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) was used to detect the measles genome from 18 clinical samples obtained from patients suspected of modified measles infection with a very mild febrile illness. The measles genome was detected in nine patients by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and in 12 patients by RT-LAMP. Six measles strains were isolated in the 2007-2008 outbreak and identified as the D5 genotype (MVi/Bangkok.THA/93 type) different from the D5 sub-cluster (MVi/Palau.BLA/93 type) isolated in 1990-2005. Similar Bangkok type D5 strains were isolated in Phnom Penh in 2002 and in Taiwan in 2003, suggesting that the D5 strains might have been introduced via South East Asia, rather than resulting from the accumulation of mutations in the D5 strains of 1990-2005. One D9 strain was isolated from a sporadic case in Aichi in 2006. There was no difference in the antigenicity of the D9 and D5 strains in comparison with the vaccine strain. Infrastructure of systematic laboratory-based surveillance system should be established in order to confirm measles virus infection in Japan.

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“…Genotype A is often due to vaccine strains but has been found in several sporadics cases around the world [Wairagkar et al, 2002;Riddell et al, 2005]. The wild type or vaccine nature of these strains could not be confirmed.…”

Section: Genetic Analysis Of Measles Strainsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Co‐circulation of multiple measles virus genotypes during an epidemic in France in 2008

Waku‐Kouomou¹,

Freymuth²,

Châtelet

et al. 2010

Journal of Medical Virology

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In 2008, measles reappeared in France in a series of outbreaks. During this period, 604 measles cases were reported to a routine surveillance system and 305 (50%) of these cases were then confirmed in the laboratory. To understand better the current epidemiological situation and the circulation of different measles strains, a phylogenetic characterization of 113 (19%) of the measles cases from these outbreaks was performed. All measles cases met the WHO clinical criteria and were confirmed either by laboratory detection of measles-specific IgM and/or by detection of the virus genome by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and viral isolation. PCR products generated from blood, oral fluid, urine, or nasopharyngeal-swab samples were sequenced for molecular epidemiology studies. Phylogenetic analysis showed a co-circulation of genotypes D4 and D5 during the first measles outbreak in the city of Reims in early 2008. Over the course of the year, the A, B3.2, D8, and D9 genotypes also appeared. The data from this study show the simultaneous circulation of several measles genotypes in France and describe genotypes D8 and D9 for the first time in this country. The data also suggest that there are still many pockets of unvaccinated individuals helping to maintain the circulation of measles virus in the population. Phylogenetic studies allowed the corroboration of epidemiologic links and showed that nosocomial transmission can create significant risk for measles dissemination. Finally, the pattern of changes in viral genotypes during 2008 suggests a regular introduction of measles strains from abroad.

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Characterization of measles sequences from Pune, India

Cited by 23 publications

References 13 publications

Epidemiology and genetic relatedness of measles virus infection in Uttar Pradesh, India, during 2009-2010

Epidemiology and genetic relatedness of measles virus infection in Uttar Pradesh, India, during 2009-2010

Modified adult measles in outbreaks in Japan, 2007–2008

Co‐circulation of multiple measles virus genotypes during an epidemic in France in 2008

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