Characterization of Lumpy skin disease virus isolated from a giraffe in Vietnam

Dao, Tung Duy; Tran, Long; Nguyen, Hiep Dinh; Hoang, Thuy Thi; Nguyen, Giang Hoang; Tran, Kien Viet Dung; Nguyen, Huyen Xuan; Dong, Hieu Van; Bui, Vuong Nghia

doi:10.1111/tbed.14583

Cited by 38 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…has also been reported to be susceptible [9]. Besides, wildlife can also be susceptible, and a recent report described clinical diseases and deaths of giraffes in a Vietnamese zoo [29]. Previously, the susceptibility of springbok, impala, and giraffe to the virus has been experimentally documented [14,30].…”

Section: Host Range Morbidity and Mortality Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lumpy Skin Disease: An Economically Significant Emerging Disease

Khalafalla¹

2023

Veterinary Medicine and Science

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Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a severe viral disease of cattle caused by the lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), a member of the Capripoxvirus genus of the poxviridae family. Fever and flat disk-like skin nodules on the skin characterize the disease. It can also lead to death and significant economic losses, especially in herds, that have never been exposed to the virus. Blood-feeding insects, such as specific types of flies, mosquitoes, and ticks, are thought to be the primary vectors of LSDV transmission. Most African and middle eastern countries have a high prevalence of lumpy skin disease. The disease extended to southeast Europe, the Balkans, and the Caucasus in 2015 and 2016 and is still spreading throughout Asia. The World Organization for Animal Health [WOAH] has designated LSD as a notifiable illness due to the likelihood of fast transmission. The rapid spread of disease in formerly disease-free areas emphasizes the need to know the disease epidemiology and the virus’s interaction with its host. This chapter aims to provide the latest developments in the etiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and control of LSD.

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Section: Host Range Morbidity and Mortality Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lumpy Skin Disease: An Economically Significant Emerging Disease

Khalafalla¹

2023

Veterinary Medicine and Science

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“…The vulnerability of impala, giraffe and springbok to the LSDV has been confirmed (Young et al 1970;Lamien et al 2011a). Dao et al (2022) identified and characterized the LSDV from a giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) in Vietnam. Specific antibodies to LSDV have previously been reported in wildlife, such as African buffalo (Syncerus caffer), Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx), blue wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus), giraffe, eland (Taurotragus oryx), greater kudu and impala (Davies 1982;Hedger and Hamblin 1983;Greth et al 1992;Barnard 1997;Fagbo et al 2014;Molini et al 2021).…”

Section: Morbidity Mortality and Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…These results are applicable only for the Neethling attenuated vaccination. Azeem et al (2022), the role of wildlife in the spread of the LSD is not yet clear, however, various studies proposed that wild animals may play an active part in the spread of LSD (Dao et al 2022). Seropositivity in wild animals shows the possibility in spreading the LSD (Namazi and Tafti 2021).…”

Section: Morbidity Mortality and Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lumpy Skin Disease: A Threat to the Livestock Industry - A Review

Nadeem¹

2022

Agrobiol. Rec.

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Lumpy skin disease (LSD) could cause huge economic losses to the farmers. It is a major obstacle to the international trade. Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) belongs to genus Capripoxvirus. The LSD causes substantial decrease in milk yield may be from 10% to 85% (no conjunction). In Karachi (Pakistan), milk and meat sales have been hampered by 60% to 70% because of LSD. All breeds and ages of cattle are involved, however, cows in peak lactation and young ones are more vulnerable. The LSD epidemics mostly occur in hot and humid environment at that time majority of the insects are active those acts as vector/insect species. Wildlife could promote the spread of LSD. The clinical picture of the LSD includes nasal discharge, inappetence, fever, lachrymation along with salivation and inflamed lymph nodes, body weight loss, and occasionally death. The LSD is described by slightly elevated, firm, demarcated skin nodules (2-7cm in diameter) that are typically spread all over the body. Morbidity varies from 0.75% to 100% whereas mortality is mostly low (0 to 7%). Tissues of digestive, respiratory, and reproductive tract show lesions. Secondary complications of serious LSD could be mastitis, pneumonia, keratitis, lameness, dysentery, and myiasis. Under a microscope, in skin nodules eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies in the keratinocytes are considered as pathognomonic. The LSD doesn’t belong to the zoonotic diseases. Milk and meat from infected animal are reliable and safe for human consumption. It is urgent to opt strategies for the control and prevention of the disease. Restricted movement of infected animals is a major factor in the transmission of the LSD in the non-endemic area. Curtailment of vectors/insects is also proposed for the control of the disease. Additionally, vaccination/immunization with the homologous strain of the LSDV could be the best strategy for the control of the disease. Diagnosis has also prime importance that should be prompt and precise especially in the endemic areas has prime importance so that control measures could be opted well in time for the curtailment of the LSD.

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“…The main hosts of the first two viruses are sheep and goat, while the LSDV mainly affects the cattle and water buffalo ( Afonso et al, 2012 ; Fagbo et al, 2014 ; Lefkowitz et al, 2018 ). In addition, LSDV can also infect giraffes, impalas, and wildebeest ( Young et al, 1970 ; Dao et al, 2022 ). Capripoxvirus genus is the most harmfully significant in the Poxviridae family affecting domestic ruminants in Africa and Asia.…”

Section: Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the research advances on lumpy skin disease: A comprehensive literature review of experimental evidence

et al. 2022

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Lumpy skin disease is caused by lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), which can induce cattle with high fever and extensive nodules on the mucosa or the scarfskin, seriously influencing the cattle industry development and international import and export trade. Since 2013, the disease has spread rapidly and widely throughout the Russia and Asia. In the past few decades, progress has been made in the study of LSDV. It is mainly transmitted by blood-sucking insects, and various modes of transmission with distinct seasonality. Figuring out how the virus spreads will help eradicate LSDV at its source. In the event of an outbreak, selecting the most effective vaccine to block and eliminate the threat posed by LSDV in a timely manner is the main choice for farmers and authorities. At present, a variety of vaccines for LSDV have been developed. The available vaccine products vary in quality, protection rate, safety and side effects. Early detection of LSDV can help reduce the cost of disease. In addition, because LSDV has a huge genome, it is currently also used as a vaccine carrier, forming a new complex with other viral genes through homologous recombination. The vaccine prepared based on this can have a certain preventive effect on many kinds of diseases. Clinical detection of disease including nucleic acid and antigen level. Each method varies in convenience, accuracy, cost, time and complexity of equipment. This article reviews our current understanding of the mode of transmission of LSDV and advances in vaccine types and detection methods, providing a background for further research into various aspects of LSDV in the future.

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Characterization of Lumpy skin disease virus isolated from a giraffe in Vietnam

Cited by 38 publications

References 29 publications

Lumpy Skin Disease: An Economically Significant Emerging Disease

Lumpy Skin Disease: An Economically Significant Emerging Disease

Lumpy Skin Disease: A Threat to the Livestock Industry - A Review

Understanding the research advances on lumpy skin disease: A comprehensive literature review of experimental evidence

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