Characterization of IS905, a new multicopy insertion sequence identified in lactococci

Dodd, Helen M.; Horn, Nikki; Gasson, Mike

doi:10.1128/jb.176.11.3393-3396.1994

Cited by 41 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…As revealed by Southern blotting, ISBst12 was present in the genome of the S − strain as well as in the S + strain in multiple copies, which was also described for Lactococcus lactis harbouring at least 12 copies of IS905 (Dodd et al, 1994). The hybridization patterns, which were slightly different between the S + and S − strains, indicated the insertion of at least two more copies of ISBst12 elsewhere in the genome of the S − strain.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

ISBst12, a novel type of insertion-sequence element causing loss of S-layer-gene expression in Bacillus stearothermophilus ATCC 12980 The GenBank accession number for the sequence reported in this paper is AF162268.

et al. 2000

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The cell surface of the surface layer (S-layer)-carrying strain of Bacillus stearothermophilus ATCC 12980 is completely covered with an oblique lattice composed of the S-layer protein SbsC. In the S-layer-deficient strain, the S-layer gene sbsC was still present but was interrupted by a novel type of insertion sequence (IS) element designated ISBst12. motifs were identified at the N-terminal part of the putative transposase. As revealed by Southern blotting, ISBst12 was present in multiple copies in the Slayer-deficient strain as well as in the S-layer-carrying strain. Northern blotting indicated that S-layer gene expression is already inhibited at the transcriptional level, since no sbsC-specific transcript could be identified in the S-layer-deficient strain. By using PCR, ISBst12 was also detected in B. stearothermophilus PV72/p6, in its oxygen-induced strain variant PV72/p2 and in the S-layer-deficient strain PV72/T5.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

ISBst12, a novel type of insertion-sequence element causing loss of S-layer-gene expression in Bacillus stearothermophilus ATCC 12980 The GenBank accession number for the sequence reported in this paper is AF162268.

et al. 2000

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“…S8 and S9). An increase in transcription levels upon transposition of IS905 into other promoter regions of MG1363 has been described earlier (19,20). The transpositions of IS905 can therefore explain the enhanced acidification rate phenotype of the revertant strains HB61 and HB63.…”

Section: Major Metabolic Shift Caused Decreased Growth Rate But Incrementioning

confidence: 59%

Availability of public goods shapes the evolution of competing metabolic strategies

Bachmann¹,

Fischlechner

Rabbers³

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

169

220

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Tradeoffs provide a rationale for the outcome of natural selection. A prominent example is the negative correlation between the growth rate and the biomass yield in unicellular organisms. This tradeoff leads to a dilemma, where the optimization of growth rate is advantageous for an individual, whereas the optimization of the biomass yield would be advantageous for a population. High-rate strategies are observed in a broad variety of organisms such as Escherichia coli, yeast, and cancer cells. Growth in suspension cultures favors fast-growing organisms, whereas spatial structure is of importance for the evolution of high-yield strategies. Despite this realization, experimental methods to directly select for increased yield are lacking. We here show that the serial propagation of a microbial population in a water-in-oil emulsion allows selection of strains with increased biomass yield. The propagation in emulsion creates a spatially structured environment where the growth-limiting substrate is privatized for populations founded by individual cells. Experimental evolution of several isogenic Lactococcus lactis strains demonstrated the existence of a tradeoff between growth rate and biomass yield as an apparent Pareto front. The underlying mutations altered glucose transport and led to major shifts between homofermentative and heterofermentative metabolism, accounting for the changes in metabolic efficiency. The results demonstrated the impact of privatizing a public good on the evolutionary outcome between competing metabolic strategies. The presented approach allows the investigation of fundamental questions in biology such as the evolution of cooperation, cell-cell interactions, and the relationships between environmental and metabolic constraints.A lthough the existence of tradeoffs in evolution seems to be undisputable, experimental evidence obtained under controlled conditions is scarce. Several examples failed to show tradeoffs (1-4), whereas others could find them (5, 6) or found general but not universal tradeoffs (7,8). A tradeoff between growth rate and growth yield in microbes (9-11) has direct implications for experiments carried out in liquid cultures. This is especially of importance during prolonged cultivations such as laboratory evolution experiments. In suspension, fast-growing variants outcompete slower growing ones at the cost of biomass yield (5). The yield versus rate optimization is governed by a dilemma where fast growth is advantageous from the perspective of an individual cell, whereas slow growth, and therefore high yield, is advantageous from the perspective of a population. This dilemma is consistent with a concept termed the tragedy of the commons (12). It is well described that spatial structure is essential for the selection of high-yield strategies (13-15). The yield/rate tradeoff of microbial growth has been linked to metabolic strategies (11) such as the switch between respiration and fermentation in yeast (9). It is suggested that the underlying cause of this tradeoff is based on...

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“…The sequence of the genome of the S. agalactiae strain FSL S3-026 isolated from a cow with mastitis revealed the presence of several copies of an IS of the IS256 family (Richards et al, 2011 (Dodd et al, 1994). To our knowledge, an increase in the transcription of downstream genes after ISSag11 insertion has not yet been described in S. agalactiae.…”

Section: Mobile Genetic Elements Of the Is256 Familymentioning

confidence: 85%

Physiological impact of transposable elements encoding DDE transposases in the environmental adaptation of Streptococcus agalactiae

Fléchard

Gilot

2014

Microbiology

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We have referenced and described Streptococcus agalactiae transposable elements encoding DDE transposases. These elements belonged to nine families of insertion sequences (ISs) and to a family of conjugative transposons (TnGBSs). An overview of the physiological impact of the insertion of all these elements is provided. DDE-transposable elements affect S. agalactiae in a number of aspects of its capability to adapt to various environments and modulate the expression of several virulence genes, the scpB-lmB genomic region and the genes involved in capsule expression and haemolysin transport being the targets of several different mobile elements. The referenced mobile elements modify S. agalactiae behaviour by transferring new gene(s) to its genome, by modifying the expression of neighbouring genes at the integration site or by promoting genomic rearrangements. Transposition of some of these elements occurs in vivo, suggesting that by dynamically regulating some adaptation and/or virulence genes, they improve the ability of S. agalactiae to reach different niches within its host and ensure the 'success' of the infectious process.

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Characterization of IS905, a new multicopy insertion sequence identified in lactococci

Cited by 41 publications

References 21 publications

ISBst12, a novel type of insertion-sequence element causing loss of S-layer-gene expression in Bacillus stearothermophilus ATCC 12980 The GenBank accession number for the sequence reported in this paper is AF162268.

ISBst12, a novel type of insertion-sequence element causing loss of S-layer-gene expression in Bacillus stearothermophilus ATCC 12980 The GenBank accession number for the sequence reported in this paper is AF162268.

Availability of public goods shapes the evolution of competing metabolic strategies

Physiological impact of transposable elements encoding DDE transposases in the environmental adaptation of Streptococcus agalactiae

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