Characterization of individual airborne particles by using aerosol time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry at Mace Head, Ireland

Dall’Osto, Manuel; Beddows, D. C. S.; Kinnersley, Rob; Harrison, Roy M.; Donovan, Robert J.; Heal, Mathew R.

doi:10.1029/2004jd004747

Cited by 77 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(84 reference statements)

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“…Both sea salt classes are typical of those observed in other coastal/marine environments (Gard et al, 1998;Dall'Osto et al, 2004;Healy et al, 2010). Average mass spectra are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Sea Saltmentioning

confidence: 86%

Sources and mixing state of summertime background aerosol in the north-western Mediterranean basin

et al. 2017

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Abstract. An aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer (ATOFMS) was employed to provide real-time single particle mixing state and thereby source information for aerosols impacting the western Mediterranean basin during the ChArMEx-ADRIMED and SAF-MED campaigns in summer 2013. The ATOFMS measurements were made at a ground-based remote site on the northern tip of Corsica.Twenty-seven distinct ATOFMS particle classes were identified and subsequently grouped into eight general categories: EC-rich (elemental carbon), K-rich, Na-rich, amines, OC-rich (organic carbon), V-rich, Fe-rich and Carich particles. Mass concentrations were reconstructed for the ATOFMS particle classes and found to be in good agreement with other co-located quantitative measurements (PM 1 , black carbon (BC), organic carbon, sulfate mass and ammonium mass). Total ATOFMS reconstructed mass (PM 2.5 ) accounted for 70-90 % of measured PM 10 mass and was comprised of regionally transported fossil fuel (EC-rich) and biomass burning (K-rich) particles. The accumulation of these transported particles was favoured by repeated and extended periods of air mass stagnation over the western Mediterranean during the sampling campaigns. The single particle mass spectra proved to be valuable source markers, allowing the identification of fossil fuel and biomass burning combustion sources, and was therefore highly complementary to quantitative measurements made by Particle into Liquid Sampler ion chromatography (PILS-IC) and an aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM), which have demonstrated that PM 1 and PM 10 were comprised predominantly of sulfate, ammonium and OC. Good temporal agreement was observed between ATOFMS EC-rich and K-rich particle mass concentrations and combined mass concentrations of BC, sulfate, ammonium and low volatility oxygenated organic aerosol (LV-OOA). This combined information suggests that combustion of fossil fuels and biomass produced primary EC-and OC-containing particles, which then accumulated ammonium, sulfate and alkylamines during regional transport.Three other sources were also identified: local biomass burning, marine and shipping. Local combustion particlesPublished by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. (emitted in Corsica) contributed little to PM 2.5 particle number and mass concentrations but were easily distinguished from regional combustion particles. Marine emissions comprised fresh and aged sea salt: the former was detected mostly during a 5-day event during which it accounted for 50-80 % of sea salt aerosol mass, while the latter was detected throughout the sampling period. Dust was not efficiently detected by the ATOFMS, and support measurements showed that it was mainly in the PM 2.5-10 fraction. Shipping particles, identified using markers for heavy fuel oil combustion, were associated with regional emissions and represented only a small fraction of PM 2.5 particle number and mass concentration at the site.

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“…Both sea salt classes are typical of those observed in other coastal/marine environments (Gard et al, 1998;Dall'Osto et al, 2004;Healy et al, 2010). Average mass spectra are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Sea Saltmentioning

confidence: 86%

Sources and mixing state of summertime background aerosol in the north-western Mediterranean basin

et al. 2017

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“…It is important to note that KeNa-rich type was observed in 11.9% of the particles. The color stacks of the carbon cluster ions peak demonstrate that approximately 90% of the KeNa-rich particles internally mixed with EC ( Figure S3), which differs from the sea salt particles (Dall'Osto et al, 2004;Dall'Osto and Harrison, 2006;Spencer et al, 2008). Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the unscaled SPAMS counts in 1 h resolution of certain particle types have a correlative relationship, particularly between KeEC and KeNarich (correlation coefficients r ¼ 0.894, p < 0.01) ( Table S1).…”

Section: Chemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixing state of biomass burning particles by single particle aerosol mass spectrometer in the urban area of PRD, China

Bi¹,

Zhang²,

Li³

et al. 2011

Atmospheric Environment

165

108

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“…The ATOFMS (TSI model 3800) was fitted with an aerodynamic lens (TSI model AFL100) for the measurement of particles in the size range 100-3000 nm. The instrument is described in detail elsewhere (Dall'Osto et al, 2004). In short, particles are sampled through an orifice and accelerated through the aerodynamic lens to the sizing region of the instrument.…”

Section: Sampling Site and Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source apportionment of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in Cork Harbour, Ireland using a combination of single particle mass spectrometry and quantitative semi-continuous measurements

et al. 2010

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Abstract. An aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer (ATOFMS) was deployed for the measurement of the size resolved chemical composition of single particles at a site in Cork Harbour, Ireland for three weeks in August 2008. The ATOFMS was co-located with a suite of semi-continuous instrumentation for the measurement of particle number, elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), sulfate and particulate matter smaller than 2.5 µm in diameter (PM 2.5 ). The temporality of the ambient ATOFMS particle classes was subsequently used in conjunction with the semi-continuous measurements to apportion PM 2.5 mass using positive matrix factorisation. The synergy of the single particle classification procedure and positive matrix factorisation allowed for the identification of six factors, corresponding to vehicular traffic, marine, long-range transport, various combustion, domestic solid fuel combustion and shipping traffic with estimated contributions to the measured PM 2.5 mass of 23%, 14%, 13%, 11%, 5% and 1.5% respectively. Shipping traffic was found to contribute 18% of the measured particle number (20-600 nm mobility diameter), and thus may have important implications for human health considering the size and composition of ship exhaust particles. The positive matrix factorisation procedure enabled a more refined interpretation of the single particle results by providing source contributions to PM 2.5 mass, while the single particle data enabled the identification of additional factors not possible with typical semi-continuous measurements, including local shipping traffic.

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Characterization of individual airborne particles by using aerosol time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry at Mace Head, Ireland

Cited by 77 publications

References 53 publications

Sources and mixing state of summertime background aerosol in the north-western Mediterranean basin

Sources and mixing state of summertime background aerosol in the north-western Mediterranean basin

Mixing state of biomass burning particles by single particle aerosol mass spectrometer in the urban area of PRD, China

Source apportionment of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in Cork Harbour, Ireland using a combination of single particle mass spectrometry and quantitative semi-continuous measurements

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Characterization of individual airborne particles by using aerosol time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry at Mace Head, Ireland

Cited by 77 publications

References 53 publications

Sources and mixing state of summertime background aerosol in the north-western Mediterranean basin

Sources and mixing state of summertime background aerosol in the north-western Mediterranean basin

Mixing state of biomass burning particles by single particle aerosol mass spectrometer in the urban area of PRD, China

Source apportionment of PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; in Cork Harbour, Ireland using a combination of single particle mass spectrometry and quantitative semi-continuous measurements

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Source apportionment of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in Cork Harbour, Ireland using a combination of single particle mass spectrometry and quantitative semi-continuous measurements