Characterization of Salmonella enterica Subspecies I Genovars by Use of Microarrays

Abstract

Subspecies 1 of Salmonella enterica is responsible for almost all Salmonella infections of warm-blooded animals. Within subspecies 1 there are over 2,300 known serovars that differ in their prevalence and the diseases that they cause in different hosts. Only a few of these serovars are responsible for most Salmonella infections in humans and domestic animals. The gene contents of 79 strains from the most prevalent serovars were profiled by microarray analysis. Strains within the same serovar often differed by the presence and absence of hundreds of genes. Gene contents sometimes differed more within a serovar than between serovars. Groups of strains that share a distinct profile of gene content can be referred to as "genovars" to distinguish them from serovars. Several misassignments within the Salmonella reference B collection were detected by genovar typing and were subsequently confirmed serologically. Just as serology has proved useful for understanding the host range and pathogenic manifestations of Salmonella, genovars are likely to further define previously unrecognized specific features of Salmonella infections.

The pathogenBatrachochytrium dendrobatidisdisturbs the frog skin microbiome during a natural epidemic and experimental infection

“…Small genetic differences between closely related bacteria can lead to considerable phenotypic diversity. For example, the species Salmonella enterica comprises six subspecies, only one of which is pathogenic to mammals (64). Furthermore, expression of phenotypic traits of a given species varies with ecological contexts, such as the single-strain vs. whole-community context, culture media vs. amphibian host, or laboratory vs. field.…”

Molecular insights into farm animal and zoonoticSalmonellainfections

“…The authors are applying such technology to S. Typhimurium in calves, pigs and chickens with the aim of assigning roles to most transposable genes in intestinal colonization. It is vital that such data are integrated with data on the content of S. enterica subspecies I genomes as evaluated by genome-sequencing and microarray analysis (Porwollik et al 2004;Anjum et al 2005), data on gene expression from transcriptome and proteome studies, and data on metabolism and regulatory networks, since this may lead to testable predictions about the basis of host-specificity. Analysis of complete genome sequences has indicated that broad host range serovars (e.g.…”

Examination of animal and zoonotic pathogens using microarrays

“…Limited intraserovar diversity was established although the serovars tested had extensive geographic and source differences [87]. The DNA array has been a powerful approach for genomic comparisons of many important pathogens [15,22,24,44,81]. A high level of gene gain or loss was revealed in all the lineages of S. enterica and S .…”