Characterization of Heterochromatin in Three Species of the Montium Subgroup of Drosophila.

Suma, O. L.; Ranganath, H. A.

doi:10.1508/cytologia.62.91

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…Most species of the montium subgroup show diversity in having different dot chromosomes. Dot chromosomes of D. jambulina are seen as small metacentric (Shyamala andRanganath 1994, Suma andRanganath 1997) in contrast to the earlier reports of Singh and Gupta (1980) and Baimai (1980) identified as large submetacentric dot in the strains studied by them. Baimai et al (1983) identified the karyotypic variation in D. meridionalis due to variant forms of the micro-chromosomes.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 57%

“…Fluorescent banding pattern of several species studied by number of workers, Hoechst 33258 banding patterns among D. kikkawai and D. jambulina (Lakhotia and Mishra 1980) revealed that Xchromosome of D. jambulina fluoresces brightly and it is absent in D. kikkawai. In contrast Qbright regions on X-chromosome of both the species are reported by Suma and Ranganath (1997). D. melanogaster differs from its sibling D. simulans (Lakhotia and Mishra 1980).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Of the two pairs, the first pair (M1) is longer than the second pair (M2) and their relative length ranges from 281 to 342, while it is 231 to 305 for the second pair (Table 1) The species under study have shown high degree of disparity in the quantity and the distribution of heterochromatin within their genome (Fig. 6) The heterochromatin is believed to have played a significant role in chromosomal evolution in higher organisms (Baimai 1969, Gatti et al 1976, Holmquist 1975, Pathak et al 1973, Yunis and Yasminich 1971, Shyamala and Ranganath 1994, Suma and Ranganath 1997. The amount and position of the heterochromatin influence various attributes of the cell functions like selective advantage (Halfer 1978, Halfer et al 1980) and occurrence of inversions (Baimai 1977).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The wide distribution of subgroup combined with many unique features of individual species, together with wealth of species diversification within subgroup made it an attractive system. The members of this group of Drosophila are highly heterogeneous morphologically (Bock and Wheeler 1972) and karyotypically (Baimai 1980, 1998, Shyamala and Ranganath 1994, Suma and Ranganath 1997. Not more than fifty species of the montium subgroup are subjected to karyotypic analysis (Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Localization and Characterization of Heterochromatin among Four Species of the Montium Subgroup of Drosophila

Venkat

Ranganath

2007

CYTOLOGIA

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SummaryThe karyotype of 4 species namely D. agumbensis, D. anomelani, D. truncata and D. cauverii have been analysed. The heterochromatin content has been characterized by using C-and Q-profiles. The Y-and 4th chromosome have shown a great degree of divergence in their form and size. The heterochromatin has played a very important role in bringing about this high degree of differentiation within the limit of 2nϭ8 among the members of the montium subgroup of Drosophila. Montium subgroup, D. agumbensis, D. truncata, D. anomelani, D. cauverii, Karyotype, heterochromatin. Evolutionary divergence among species involves genetic changes at different levels of the genome. Karyotypic divergence is one such component and it may result from chromosome rearrangements and qualitative as well as quantitative changes in heterochromatin. Chromosome differences that are commonly found between species have played a key role in initiating speciation, and over 90% of all the speciating events are accompanied by karyotypic changes (White 1973). The Drosophila montium subgroup, the largest of the melanogaster species group (Lemeunier et al. 1986) comprise of 84 of 173 known species. Of these, 50 species are known karyotypically and heterochromatin of very few species has been characterized. The wide distribution of subgroup combined with many unique features of individual species, together with wealth of species diversification within subgroup made it an attractive system. The members of this group of Drosophila are highly heterogeneous morphologically (Bock and Wheeler 1972) and karyotypically (Baimai 1980, 1998, Shyamala and Ranganath 1994, Suma and Ranganath 1997. Not more than fifty species of the montium subgroup are subjected to karyotypic analysis (Table 2). In the present study karyotypes of 4 species of this montium subgroup namely D. agumbensis, D. anomelani, D. truncata and D. cauverii have been analysed. Key words Materials and methodsThe species used for the present study were collected from different regions of South India. D. agumbensis and D. anomelani from Mysore. D. truncata from Charmadi Ghats and D. cauverii from Coorg. Their iso-female lines were established and, maintained in the laboratory on wheat cream agar media seeded with yeast at 23Ϯ1°C.Mitotic chromsomes from the third instar were prepared following the technique of Stock et al. (1972) with slight modifications. To localize C-band heterochromatin, the procedure adopted by Clayton (1986) and Hatsumi (1987) was followed. Air dried slides were treated with 0.25% Trypsin

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 57%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Localization and Characterization of Heterochromatin among Four Species of the Montium Subgroup of Drosophila

Venkat

Ranganath

2007

CYTOLOGIA

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“…D. gangotrii and D. jambulina, and the most common species D. melanogaster, belonging to the melanogaster species group, were used. The members of montium are heterogeneous both morphologically (Lemeunier et al 1986) and karyotypically (Bock & Wheeler 1972;Baimai 1980;Shyamala & Ranganath 1994;Suma & Ranganath 1997;Shakunthala & Ranganath 2007). Several reports in different disciplines of biology have revealed that species closely related, as Scouras (1995) feels 'system comprising species of close phylogenetic relationship as well as species rather distant phylogenetically from each other greatly facilitate biological analysis such system is offered by the montium a sub group of Drosophila'.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of different light regimes on esterase isozyme profiles of three species ofDrosophila

Kouser

Shakunthala

Hegde

2013

Frontiers in Life Science

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Circadian rhythm has been identified in every organism studied, from unicellular marine algae to man, and in virtually all physiological and biochemical functions. The endogenous circadian system functions to organize behaviour and physiology to adapt to and anticipate environment changes in light and temperature. The present study is an attempt to understand enzyme profiles (alpha and beta esterases) of Drosophila melanogaster (Oregon-K strain), Drosophila gangotrii and Drosophila jambulina under light/dark (LD), continuous light (LL) and continuous dark (DD) conditions over 30 generations. A polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (7.5% -native gel) was used to study the esterase isozyme banding patterns in three species of Drosophila. It has been noticed that there were three alpha esterase loci in Drosophila species which were designated as α-est 1, α-est 2 and α-est 3. Similarly there were three beta esterase loci which were designated as β-est 1, β-est 2 and β-est 3. Flies maintained in different light regimes showed differences in their allelic patterns with respect to alpha and beta esterases. It was observed that there was expression of some bands at a given light regime and the absence of the same in another regime. This shows that the different light regimes affect the expression of esterase isozymes.

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Adaptive significance of circadian rhythms ofmontiuma subgroup ofDrosophila: I – locomotor behaviour

Kouser

Palaksha

Venkat

2012

Biological Rhythm Research

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The rest/activity rhythm is an innate ubiquitous and complex biological phenomenon. It is essential/crucial for an organism's survival such as feeding, mate choice, escape from the predator, etc. Studies have shown that locomotor behaviour is sensitive to environment. The present investigations were made to understand the effect of different light regimes on locomotor behaviour of the two co-existing species of montium, a subgroup of Drosophila. Locomotor activity rhythms were assayed using Drosophila Activity Monitor. The activity of two species was analyzed in light/dark (LD), continuous dark (DD) and continuous light (LL) for 15th and 30th generations and the amount of activity was measured. The results revealed that the mean activity recorded for D. gangotrii and D. jambulina was significant. Unlike that of Drosophila melanogaster, these species entrain to LD, arrhythmic in LL and free runs in DD. Activity was either unimodal or bimodal. There was tremendous reduction in the activity in 30th generation flies compared to the 15th generation ones. Interestingly, period (t) in all the groups was approximately 24 h.

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Characterization of Heterochromatin in Three Species of the Montium Subgroup of Drosophila.

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Localization and Characterization of Heterochromatin among Four Species of the Montium Subgroup of Drosophila

Localization and Characterization of Heterochromatin among Four Species of the Montium Subgroup of Drosophila

Effect of different light regimes on esterase isozyme profiles of three species ofDrosophila

Adaptive significance of circadian rhythms ofmontiuma subgroup ofDrosophila: I – locomotor behaviour

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