Characterization of gut microbiota profiles in coronary artery disease patients using data mining analysis of terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism: gut microbiota could be a diagnostic marker of coronary artery disease

Abstract

The association between atherosclerosis and gut microbiota has been attracting increased attention. We previously demonstrated a possible link between gut microbiota and coronary artery disease. Our aim of this study was to clarify the gut microbiota profiles in coronary artery disease patients using data mining analysis of terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). This study included 39 coronary artery disease (CAD) patients and 30 age- and sex- matched no-CAD controls (Ctrls) with coronary risk factors. Bacterial DNA was extracted from their fecal samples and analyzed by T-RFLP and data mining analysis using the classification and regression algorithm. Five additional CAD patients were newly recruited to confirm the reliability of this analysis. Data mining analysis could divide the composition of gut microbiota into 2 characteristic nodes. The CAD group was classified into 4 CAD pattern nodes (35/39 = 90 %), while the Ctrl group was classified into 3 Ctrl pattern nodes (28/30 = 93 %). Five additional CAD samples were applied to the same dividing model, which could validate the accuracy to predict the risk of CAD by data mining analysis. We could demonstrate that operational taxonomic unit 853 (OTU853), OTU657, and OTU990 were determined important both by the data mining method and by the usual statistical comparison. We classified the gut microbiota profiles in coronary artery disease patients using data mining analysis of T-RFLP data and demonstrated the possibility that gut microbiota is a diagnostic marker of suffering from CAD.

Are Short Chain Fatty Acids in Gut Microbiota Defensive Players for Inflammation and Atherosclerosis?

“…In accordance with experimental data, recent clinical work has shown that coronary artery disease is linked with an alternation of gut microbiota, and that gut microbiota may be a diagnostic marker of morbidity from coronary artery disease 81, 82) . Emoto et al reported that the incidence of coronary artery disease is related to a decreased prevalence of the phylum Bacteroidetes and increased F/B ratio in the intestinal tract 81) .…”

Role of Gut Microbiota on Cardio-Metabolic Parameters and Immunity in Coronary Artery Disease Patients with and without Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

“…Previous studies using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis demonstrated a decrease in the phylum Bacteroidetes and an increase in the phylum Firmicutes in CAD patients when compared with healthy subjects. Moreover, they observed that the order Lactobacillales, in which Streptococcus genus is included, was significantly increased in the CAD group when compared with healthy subjects (Emoto et al, 2016, 2017). Cui et al (2017) revealed that the phyla Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria were decreased, while the phyla Firmicutes and Fusobacteria were increased in coronary heart disease patients when compared with healthy controls by high throughput sequencing.…”

The gut microbiota: An emerging risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease

“…Interestingly, symptomatic atherosclerosis was also associated with an altered fecal metagenome of patients, enriched in genes encoding for peptidoglycan (PG) biosynthesis [18]. Emoto et al used the Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP) method to classify the gut microbiota profiles of 39 coronary artery disease patients [79]. They identified a reduction in the operational taxonomic unit (OTU) 853 (Bacteroides) and an increase in the OTU 657 (Lactobacillales) and OTU 990 (Clostridium subcluster XIVa) in fecal samples of coronary artery disease patients.…”