Characterization of Flow Asymmetry During the Compression Stroke Using Swirl-Plane PIV in a Light-Duty Optical Diesel Engine with the Re-entrant Piston Bowl Geometry

Zha, Kan; Busch, Stephen; Miles, Paul C.; Wijeyakulasuriya, Sameera; Mitra, Saurav; Senecal, P. K.

doi:10.4271/2015-01-1699

Cited by 39 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In this regard many of the studies arose from the Sandia Diesel engine [13,14], the GM R&D test-rig [3,15,16], the TCC-III engine in Michigan [17,18], the SGEmac (IFP) engine [19], and the Darmstadt test-rig [20][21][22]. The corresponding databases have provided a stronghold for engine simulations with regards to model validation and development.…”

Section: Chaomentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the flame propagation within an SI engine using flame imaging and LES

Kuenne

Yildar

et al. 2017

Combustion Theory and Modelling

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This work shows experiments and simulations of the fired operation of a spark ignition engine with port-fueled injection. The test-rig considered is an optically accessible single cylinder engine specifically designed at TU Darmstadt for the detailed investigation of in-cylinder processes and model validation. The engine was operated under lean conditions using isooctane as a substitute for gasoline. Experiments have been conducted to provide a sound database of the combustion process. A planar flame imaging technique has been applied within the swirl and tumble plane to provide statistical information on the combustion process to complement the pressure-based comparison between simulation and experiments. This data is then analyzed and used to assess the Large Eddy Simulation performed within this work. For the simulation, the engine code KIVA has been extended by the dynamically thickened flame model combined with chemistry reduction by means of pressure dependent tabulation. 60 cycles have been simulated to perform a statistical evaluation. Based on a detailed comparison with the experimental data, a systematic study has been conducted to obtain insight into the most crucial modeling uncertainties.

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Section: Chaomentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the flame propagation within an SI engine using flame imaging and LES

Kuenne

Yildar

et al. 2017

Combustion Theory and Modelling

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“…However, the information related to the influence of air flow brought about by piston movement on spray and combustion development is still limited. The characterization of swirl flow structure in a light-duty optical diesel engine was studied in [18,19] by Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) coupling CFD tools. Authors concluded that piston geometry effect on the flow asymmetry might be more responsible than the intake flow effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental Study on Diesel Spray Injection into a Non-Quiescent Chamber

Pastor¹,

García-Oliver²,

García³

et al. 2017

SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr.

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Visualization of single-hole nozzles into quiescent ambient has been used extensively in the literature to characterize spray mixing and combustion. However in-cylinder flow may have some meaningful impact on the spray evolution. In the present work, visualization of direct diesel injection spray under both non-reacting and reacting operating conditions was conducted in an optically accessible two-stroke engine equipped with a singlehole injector. Two different high-speed imaging techniques, Schlieren and UV-Light Absorption, were applied here to quantify vapor penetration for non-reacting spray. Meanwhile, Mie-scattering was used to measure the liquid length. As for reacting conditions, Schlieren and OH* chemiluminescence were simultaneously applied to obtain the spray tip penetration and flame lift-off length under the same TDC density and temperature. Additionally, PIV was used to characterize in-cylinder flow motion. Results were compared with those from the Engine Combustion Network database obtained under quiescent ambient conditions in a high pressure high temperature vessel. Because of the air flow induced by piston movement, in-cylinder conditions in the two-stroke engine during the spray injection are highly unsteady, which has a significant impact on the spray development and interference on the spray visualization. From the comparison with quiescent data from the Engine Combustion Network, air flow induced by piston movement was found to slow down tip penetration. Moreover, both ignition delay and lift-off length under unsteady flow conditions show less sensitivity with ambient temperature than that of quasi-steady conditions.

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“…This reference was considered as the zero position of the piston and this is the first frame of the processing. From this frame to the next one, the piston displacement was calculated by the PIV methodology [25] through a correlation function. In this way, the displacement curve was developed frame by frame until the piston returned to the initial reference point.…”

Section: Mechanical Deformations Due To Gas Pressuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodology for Optical Engine Characterization by Means of the Combination of Experimental and Modeling Techniques

et al. 2018

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Optical engines allow for the direct visualization of the phenomena taking place in the combustion chamber and the application of optical techniques for combustion analysis, which makes them invaluable tools for the study of advanced combustion modes aimed at reducing pollutant emissions and increasing efficiency. An accurate thermodynamic analysis of the engine performance based on the in-cylinder pressure provides key information regarding the gas properties, the heat release, and the mixing conditions. If, in addition, optical access to the combustion process is provided, a deeper understanding of the phenomena can be derived, allowing the complete assessment of new injection-combustion strategies to be depicted. However, the optical engine is only useful for this purpose if the geometry, heat transfer, and thermodynamic conditions of the optical engine can mimic those of a real engine. Consequently, a reliable thermodynamic analysis of the optical engine itself is mandatory to accurately determine a number of uncertain parameters among which the effective compression ratio and heat transfer coefficient are of special importance. In the case of optical engines, the determination of such uncertainties is especially challenging due to their intrinsic features regarding the large mechanical deformations of the elongated piston caused by the pressure, and the specific thermal characteristics that affect the in-cylinder conditions. In this work, a specific methodology for optical engine characterization based on the combination of experimental measurements and in-cylinder 0D modeling is presented. On one hand, the method takes into account the experimental deformations measured with a high-speed camera in order to determine the effective compression ratio; on the other hand, the 0D thermodynamic analysis is used to calibrate the heat transfer model and to determine the rest of the uncertainties based on the minimization of the heat release rate residual in motored conditions. The method has been demonstrated to be reliable to characterize the optical engine, providing an accurate in-cylinder volume trace with a maximum deformation of 0.5 mm at 80 bar of peak pressure and good experimental vs. simulated in-cylinder pressure fitting.

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Characterization of Flow Asymmetry During the Compression Stroke Using Swirl-Plane PIV in a Light-Duty Optical Diesel Engine with the Re-entrant Piston Bowl Geometry

Cited by 39 publications

References 31 publications

Evaluation of the flame propagation within an SI engine using flame imaging and LES

Evaluation of the flame propagation within an SI engine using flame imaging and LES

An Experimental Study on Diesel Spray Injection into a Non-Quiescent Chamber

Methodology for Optical Engine Characterization by Means of the Combination of Experimental and Modeling Techniques

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