Characterization of Fat Particles in Plasma of Hyperlipemic Subjects Maintained on Fat-free High-Carbohydrate Diets*

Bierman, Edwin L.; Porte, Daniel; Ohara, David; Schwartz, Maurice A.; Wood, Francis C.

doi:10.1172/jci105140

Cited by 67 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These chylomicrons share the property of flocculation and flotation in 3% PVP columns characteristic of particles of dietary origin in normal subjects (9) and those with other forms of hyperlipemia (5); therefore, studies of chylomicron composition during assimilation of an oral fat load were undertaken to determine the source of the abnormal composition of chylomicrons which persist after an overnight fast in subjects with broad-p disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The flocculated chylomicrons were aspirated from the top 5 mm of a 78 mm tube after slicing. Incubations with PVP were performed with several different volumes of each plasma sample and the tubes sliced only if a clear zone was visible between the flocculate and the subjacent "hyperlipemic particles" (5). The isolated chylomicrons were analyzed for TG and cholesterol after removal of PVP (4).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Abnormal lipid composition of chylomicrons in broad-β disease (type III hyperlipoproteinemia)

Hazzard¹,

Porte²,

Bierman³

1970

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T Chylomicron (primary particles) were detected by polyvinylpyrollidone (PVP) flocculation in plasma collected after an overnight fast from eight hyperlipemic subjects with broad-P disease (type III hyperlipoproteinemia). The composition of these chylomicrons was abnormal: relatively poor in triglyceride and rich in cholesterol, giving rise to a triglyceride/ cholesterol ratio of < 3.0 in all cases, uniformly below the ratio in chylomicrons from eight fasting subjects with mixed lipemia. By contrast, at the peak of alimentary lipemia following an oral fat load (2 g/kg), chylomicrons from broad-P subjects had normal, triglyceride-rich composition (triglyceride/cholesterol= 14.0) and resembled chylomicrons from subjects with mixed lipemia, endogenous lipemia, and familial hypercholesterolemia after similar fat loads. As the alimentary lipemia cleared, chylomicrons remaining in broad-P subjects 14-24 hr after the fat load were again rich in cholesterol. However, a similar degree of cholesterol enrichment was observed in chylomicrons from the subjects with familial hypercholesterolemia, while only a minor increase in cholesterol was recorded in chylomicrons from subjects with mixed or endogenous lipemia. Parallel studies of changes in chylomicron composition during in vitro incubation of whole plasma and of St > 400 with Sf < 400 lipoproteins from subjects with the different forms of hyperlipoproteinemia revealed equal cholesterol enrichment of chylomicrons from a subject with mixed lipemia and from a subject with broad-p disease in media of equivalent cholesterol content. These experiments suggested neither excessive avidity of chylomicrons for cholesterol uptake nor excessive influence of St < 400 lipoproteins upon chylomicron composition in broad-P disease.Thus, results in this study suggest that the cholesterolrich chylomicrons observed in subjects with broad-, disease after an overnight fast may originate in the in-

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormal lipid composition of chylomicrons in broad-β disease (type III hyperlipoproteinemia)

Hazzard¹,

Porte²,

Bierman³

1970

J. Clin. Invest.

Self Cite

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“…Indeed, we (28) and Bierman (29) The role of the liver in the development of carbohydrate-induced hyperglyceridemia also remains to be clarified, as well as the effect of insulin on the production of triglycerides by the liver. In one of our patients (T.M.)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbohydrate Metabolism in Two Forms of Hyperglyceridemia *

Knittle¹,

Ahrens²

1964

J. Clin. Invest.

127

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“…In 10 subjects (Table I, subjects [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17], the basal diet period was followed by a 10-14 day period of a fat-free,-high carbohydrate, weight-maintaining diet (0%o fat, 85% carbohydrate, and 15%o protein). At the end of the fat-free dietary period a measurement of the plasma lipolytic rate was obtained (see below).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for a Common, Saturable, Triglyceride Removal Mechanism for Chylomicrons and Very Low Density Lipoproteins in Man

Brunzell¹,

Hazzard²,

Porte³

et al. 1973

J. Clin. Invest.

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463

168

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A B S T R A C T Hypertriglyceridemic subjects were fed diets in which dietary fat calories were held constant, but carbohydrate calories were varied. Three subjects with fasting chylomicronemia (Type V) were given less carbohydrate and four subjects without fasting chylomicronemia (Type IV) were fed diets with more calories as carbohydrate. The restricted carbohydrate intake led to disappearance of chylomicronemia in those subjects who had chylomicronemia on a normal diet (Type V to IV). In those subjects without chylomicronemia, chylomicronemia appeared in response to increased carbohydrate intake (Type IV to V). Thus or decreasing calories. The lipolytic rate was curvilinearly related to the plasma triglyceride concentrations. This curvilinear relationship followed MichaelisMenton saturation kinetics over a wide range of triglyceride concentrations on fat-free, high-carbohydrate diets, in multiple studies in a group of individuals. These studies suggest that endogenous and exogenous triglyceride compete for a common, saturable, plasma triglyceride removal system related to lipoprotein lipase.

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Characterization of Fat Particles in Plasma of Hyperlipemic Subjects Maintained on Fat-free High-Carbohydrate Diets*

Cited by 67 publications

References 29 publications

Abnormal lipid composition of chylomicrons in broad-β disease (type III hyperlipoproteinemia)

Abnormal lipid composition of chylomicrons in broad-β disease (type III hyperlipoproteinemia)

Carbohydrate Metabolism in Two Forms of Hyperglyceridemia *

Evidence for a Common, Saturable, Triglyceride Removal Mechanism for Chylomicrons and Very Low Density Lipoproteins in Man

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