Characterization of Eurofer-97 TIG-welded joints by FIMEC indentation tests

Montanari, Roberto; Filacchioni, G.; Riccardi, B.; Tata, Maria Elisa; Costanza, Girolamo

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.173

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Moreover, since FIMEC imprint involves a large number of grains, the results are representative of the average behavior of the investigated MZ and HAZ. Therefore, it has been often used to investigate the evolution of local properties in the MZ and HAZ of welds of steels [ 9 , 10 , 54 ] and light alloys [ 8 ] before and after PWHTs to find the best treatment conditions.…”

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The properties which can be determined from FIMEC test are yield stress [ 1 ], elastic modulus [ 5 , 6 ], ductile to brittle transition temperature (DBTT) [ 2 , 4 ], surface creep [ 1 ] and stress relaxation [ 6 , 7 ]. The experimental apparatus and data processing are quite simple; the test is non-destructive and the local properties of mechanical parts of complex geometry can be easily determined, including those of the molten zone (MZ) and the heat-affected zone (HAZ) in welded joints [ 8 , 9 , 10 ]. In comparison with other indentation tests operating on a micro- and nano-scale, a clear advantage is that the FIMEC results are scarcely affected by surface conditions (roughness, chemical segregation etc.).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flat-Top Cylinder Indenter for Mechanical Characterization: A Report of Industrial Applications

Montanari

Varone

2021

Materials

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FIMEC (flat-top cylinder indenter for mechanical characterisation) is an instrumented indentation test employing a cylindrical punch. It has been used to determine the mechanical properties of metallic materials in several applications of industrial interest. This work briefly describes the technique and the theory of indentation with a flat-ended punch. The flat indentation of metals has been investigated through experimental tests, and an equation has been derived to calculate the yield stress from the experimental data in deep indentation. The approach is supported by many data on various metals and alloys. Some selected case studies are presented in the paper: (i) crank manufacturing through pin squeeze casting; (ii) the evaluation of the local mechanical properties in a carter of complex geometry; (iii) the qualification of Al billets for extrusion; (iv) stress–relaxation tests on CuCrZr heat sinks; (v) the characterization of thick W coatings on CuCrZr alloy; (vi) the measure of the local mechanical properties of the molten-zone (MZ) and the heat-affected zone (HAZ) in welded joints. The case studies demonstrate the great versatility of the FIMEC test which provides information not available by employing conventional experimental techniques such as tensile, bending, and hardness tests. On the basis of theoretical knowledge and large amount of experimental data, FIMEC has become a mature technique for application on a large scale in industrial practice.

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Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flat-Top Cylinder Indenter for Mechanical Characterization: A Report of Industrial Applications

Montanari

Varone

2021

Materials

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“…EUROFER97 exhibits good weldability and the original microstructural and mechanical characteristics in molten and heat affected zones can be in large part recovered after suitable post-welding heat treatments [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grain Refinement and Improved Mechanical Properties of EUROFER97 by Thermo-Mechanical Treatments

et al. 2021

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EUROFER97 steel plates for nuclear fusion applications are usually manufactured by hot rolling and subsequent heat treatments: (1) austenitization at 980 °C for 30 min, (2) rapid cooling and (3) tempering at 760 °C for 90 min. An extended experimental campaign was carried out with the scope of improving the strength of the steel without a loss of ductility. Forty groups of samples were prepared by combining cold rolling with five cold reduction ratios (20, 40, 50, 60 and 80%) and heat treatments at eight different temperatures in the range 400–750 °C (steps of 50 °C). This work reports preliminary results regarding the microstructure and mechanical properties of all the cold-rolled samples and the effects of heat treatments on the samples deformed with the greater CR ratio (80%). The strength of deformed samples decreased as heat treatment temperature increased and the change was more pronounced in the samples cold-rolled with greater CR ratios. After heat treatments at temperature up to 600 °C yield stress (YS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of samples deformed with CR ratio of 80% were significantly larger than those of standard EUROFER97 but ductility was lower. On the contrary, the treatment at 650 °C produced a fully recrystallized structure with sub-micrometric grains which guarantees higher strength and comparable ductility. The work demonstrated that EUROFER97 steel can be strengthened without compromising its ductility; the most effective process parameters will be identified by completing the analyses on all the prepared samples.

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“…It is found that the lap joint had a lower hot crack sensitivity than the butt joint, because the cracked liquid state membrane of the lap joint during solidification can obtain the filler from the upper molten pool metal. Furthermore, there will be brittle phase precipitation in the welding seam due to the different chemical composition of dissimilar metals, which decreased the joint mechanical property [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Lee et al [ 15 ], found faster cooling rates could inhibit the precipitation of chromium carbides in the fusion zone when welding 690 alloy and 304L dissimilar alloys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Fe-36Ni and 304L Dissimilar Alloy Lap Joints by Pulsed Gas Tungsten Arc Welding

Wang

Shen

et al. 2020

Materials

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High-quality joining of dissimilar alloys between Fe-36Ni alloy and 304L stainless steel is essential in the manufacturing of LNG tanker. In this study, lap joints of Fe-36Ni and 304L dissimilar alloys were fabricated by a pulsed gas tungsten arc welding (P-GTAW) process. The effects of low-frequency pulse on the appearance, microstructure and mechanical properties of the Fe-36Ni/304L lap joints was investigated. With the increase of frequency, the feature sizes of α (the transition angle of the upper surface of Fe-36Ni to the surface of the weld bead) and R (shortest distance between weld root and weld surface) exhibited downtrend and uptrend, respectively, while La (the maximum weld width of lower sheet) and P (the maximum weld penetration of lower sheet) changed in a smaller range. Fusion zone (FZ) is mainly composed of γ phase and M23C6 during solidification, and M23C6 particles are distributed on the grain boundaries of the cells, which reduced the mechanical properties of joint. The average hardness between 110 HV1 and 136 HV1 is lower than that of the base metals. Fractures of all joints located at the Fe-36Ni side near the weld, and a dimple fracture in all samples indicated a ductile fracture. This study found that the heat input values remain 198.86 J mm−1 and increased pulse frequency can improve the maximum tensile force. The average maximum tensile force of the lap weld is 11.95 kN when pulsed frequency is 15 Hz.

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Characterization of Eurofer-97 TIG-welded joints by FIMEC indentation tests

Cited by 13 publications

References 5 publications

Flat-Top Cylinder Indenter for Mechanical Characterization: A Report of Industrial Applications

Flat-Top Cylinder Indenter for Mechanical Characterization: A Report of Industrial Applications

Grain Refinement and Improved Mechanical Properties of EUROFER97 by Thermo-Mechanical Treatments

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Fe-36Ni and 304L Dissimilar Alloy Lap Joints by Pulsed Gas Tungsten Arc Welding

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