Characterization of endotoxin from Fusobacterium necrophorun

García, Manuel; Charlton, Kenneth; McKay, K. A.

doi:10.1128/iai.11.2.371-379.1975

Cited by 51 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The KDO levels were 0.46 and 0.57% of the LPS (C-M) and (H-Ph). Although these values are less than those found in the LPS of many gram-negative bacteria (18,25), they resemble those described for Fusobacterium necrophorum (17) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (29) type T4. No sialic acid was detectable.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 51%

Further characterization of a lipopolysaccharide from Coxiella burneti

Chan¹,

McChesney²,

Paretsky³

1976

Infect Immun

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The lipopolysaccharide previously isolated from the rickettsial agent of Q fever, Coxiella burneti, phase I, has been further characterized. The sugar residues ribose, mannose, glucose, D-glycero-D-mannoheptose, and L-glycero-Dmannoheptose are present. Two sugars remain unidentified, one of which is a minor and the other a major constituent. Isomyristic, palmitic, and /3-hydroxymyristic acids are the major fatty acid residues of the 15 identified. The nature and content of other lipopolysaccharide constituents are presented.Toxins have been identified in several rickettsial species, but until recently no endotoxin had been described for Coxiella burneti, the rickettsial agent of Q fever. Baca and Paretsky prepared a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from C. burneti, phase I, which has many pharmacological properties characteristic of the endotoxins of gram-negative bacteria (3). We now describe a more extensive chemical characterization of the LPS of C. burneti.MATERIALS AND METHODS C. burneti, Nine Mile strain, phase I, was cultivated in embryonated eggs and subsequently purified from infected yolk sacs (33). The LPS was prepared by a modified hot phenol-water method (4, 36). Purified rickettsiae (2 to 4 g, wet weight) were suspended in 20 ml of 0.02 M phosphate buffer-0.15 M KCl, pH 7.4 (PK), and 20 ml of 90% redistilled phenol (wt/wt), 68 C, was immediately added. The suspension was vigorously shaken for 20 min in a water bath at 68 C. The emulsion was centrifuged at 3,000 x g for 15 min, and the aqueous phase was collected. The residual interphase and phenolic phase were extracted twice more with an equal volume of PK, and the aqueous phases were collected, pooled, and dialyzed against running tap water for 3 days. The residual opalescent solution was centrifuged at 10,000 x g for 20 min at 4 C. To the supernatant were added enough 0.5 M tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane buffer and 0.5 M MgCl2 to give a final concentration of 0.025 M tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, pH 7.5, and 0.01 M MgCl2, together with 100 gg of ribonuclease (Sigma type

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 51%

Further characterization of a lipopolysaccharide from Coxiella burneti

Chan¹,

McChesney²,

Paretsky³

1976

Infect Immun

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“…With the aid of an adhesin or hemagglutinin (Tan et al, 1996), F. necrophorum could establish itself at a damaged mucosal site and trigger the infectious process as the sole pathogen or as a result of a polymicrobial infection. Destruction of tissues and the production of a low oxidation-reduction potential could be the result of a classical endotoxin (Hofstad and Kristofferson, 1971;Garcia et al, 1975b), a dermonecrotic toxin (Kanoe et al, 1995), a cytoplasmic toxin (Dack et al, 1938), a hemolysin (Shinjo et al, 1996;Amoako et al, 1997), volatile sulfur compounds and proteolytic enzymes such as phosphatase B (Wahren et al, 1971;Claesson et al, 1990;Fifis et al, 1996). A low oxidation-reduction potential as well as essential growth factors from damaged tissues (ie., hemin from hemolyzed RBC's) allow for multiplication of F. necrophorum, other anaerobes and facultative anaerobes.…”

Section: Pathogenicity Of F Necrophorum As a Trigger Organismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological understandings and mysteries of noma (cancrum oris)

1999

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The microbiologic history of noma was reviewed. Studies have associated the disease process with large numbers of fusiform bacilli and spirochetal organismS. In order to study the microbiology of the staging and infection periods of noma 62 Nigerian children, aged 3–14 years, 22 children had acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG) and were also malnourished, 20 exhibited no acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis but were malnourished and 20 were free of acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis and in good nutritional state) were evaluated for the presence of viruses and oral microorganisms. The ANUG cases in the malnourished children had a higher incidence of Herpesviridae, the main virus being detected was cytomegalovirus. There were more anaerobic microorganisms recovered, with Prevotella intermedia as the predominant isolate, in the malnourished children as compared to the healthy children. A study of the predominant microflora in active sites of noma lesions was carried out in eight noma patients, 3–15 years of age, in Sokoto State, northwestern Nigeria.Fusobacterium necrophorum was recovered from 87.5% of the noma lesionS. Oral microorganisms isolated included Prevotella intermedia, alpha‐hemolytic streptococci and Actinomyces spp.which were isolated from 75.0, 50.0 and 37.5% of the patients, respectively.Peptostreptococcus micros, Veil‐lonella parvula, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas spp.were each recovered from one lesion. All strains were observed to be sensitive to all of the antibiotics tested with the exception of one strain of P. Intermedia which showed resistance to penicillin. The pathogenic mechanisms of F.necrophorum as a trigger organism were discussed. The isolation from human noma lesions of F.necrophorum, a pathogen primarily associated with animal diseases, may have important etiologic and animal transmission implications.

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“…The endotoxic activity ofFusobacterium lipopolysaccharides appears to be comparable to that of Salmonella endotoxins (3,4,21). In Salmonella lipopolysaccharides (and those of other bacterial groups), the endotoxic activity is embedded in the lipid A component (3,16,21), the chemical structure of which has been studied (5,6,22).…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Chemical structure of the lipid A component of lipopolysaccharides from Fusobacterium nucleatum

Hase¹,

Hofstad²,

Rietschel³

1977

J Bacteriol

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The lipid A component of lipopolysaccharides from Fusobacterium nucleatum Fev 1 consists of 3-1',6-linked n-glucosamine disaccharides, which carry two phosphate groups: one in glycosidic and one in ester linkage. The amino groups of the glucosamine disaccharides are substituted by n-3-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid. The hydroxyl groups of the disaccharide backbone are acylated by tetradecanoic, hexadecanoic, and D-3-hydroxytetradecanoic acids. Part of the esterbound D-3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid is 3-0-substituted by tetradecanoic acid. Whereas a similar pattern of fatty acids was detected in lipopolysaccharides from two other F. nucleatum strains, the amide-bound fatty acid in F. varium and F. mortiferum was D-3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid. The chemical relationships of lipid A from Fusobacteria and other gram-negative bacteria are discussed.

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Characterization of endotoxin from Fusobacterium necrophorun

Cited by 51 publications

References 8 publications

Further characterization of a lipopolysaccharide from Coxiella burneti

Further characterization of a lipopolysaccharide from Coxiella burneti

Microbiological understandings and mysteries of noma (cancrum oris)

Chemical structure of the lipid A component of lipopolysaccharides from Fusobacterium nucleatum

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