Characterization of endogenous peptides from Dromedary and Bactrian camel milk

Food Protein-Derived Antioxidant Peptides: Molecular Mechanism, Stability and Bioavailability

“…Over the past decade, camel milk-derived bioactive peptides have begun to attract significant interest from many researchers and have been evaluated for antioxidant, antihypertensive, antidiabetic properties, and antimicrobial properties. For example, work by the group of Zhang et al [ 70 ] analyzed the content of endogenous bioactive peptides in dromedary and bactrian camel milk and the motifs of these peptides. The peptide sequencer showed that 14.6% and 15.7% of the quantified peptides from dromedary and bactrian camels were biologically active, with dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors (39.93%) predominating, followed by ACE inhibitors (34.85%) and antioxidant activity (8.69%).…”

Latent potentials of camel’s milk

“…We have read with great interest a recent work of Zhang et al [ 1 ] analyzing the profiles of low molecular weight (≤ 10 kDa) endogenous peptides of raw camels milk using powerful proteomics and peptidomics tools. The importance of this work is in its focus on the raw and not the fermented milk, hence the majority of consumers of camel milk use the raw milk and in the analysis of the very low molecular weight peptidome, which often remains neglected in proteomics studies.…”

“…The importance of this work is in its focus on the raw and not the fermented milk, hence the majority of consumers of camel milk use the raw milk and in the analysis of the very low molecular weight peptidome, which often remains neglected in proteomics studies. In addition to its nutritional potential, the camel milk has distinguished nutraceutical potentials, some of which already reviewed in the current article [ 1 ]. As Zhang et al [ 1 ] indicated, the anti-diabetic function, ACE inhibitors, and anti-oxidative potential are the most abundant functionalities ascribed to the biopeptidome, which is in line with the recent report demonstrating that the antidiabetic properties of camel milk may be due to the action of milk lactoferrin via its interaction with the insulin receptor (IR) followed by induction of phosphorylation of IR, AKT, and ERK1/2 [ 2 ].…”

“…In addition to its nutritional potential, the camel milk has distinguished nutraceutical potentials, some of which already reviewed in the current article [ 1 ]. As Zhang et al [ 1 ] indicated, the anti-diabetic function, ACE inhibitors, and anti-oxidative potential are the most abundant functionalities ascribed to the biopeptidome, which is in line with the recent report demonstrating that the antidiabetic properties of camel milk may be due to the action of milk lactoferrin via its interaction with the insulin receptor (IR) followed by induction of phosphorylation of IR, AKT, and ERK1/2 [ 2 ]. The expression of all these endogenous bioactive peptides in raw camel milk would might explained our previous results [ 3 ], where the consumption of raw camel milk (from Camelus dromedary ) for three months (250 ml/day) by patients infected with hepatitis C virus, at different disease stages, promoted a significance reduction in the viral load, as well as improved the general health fitness biomarkers, may be due to the existence of the arrays of bioactive peptides with the potential to regulate and control various cellular pathways.…”

“…The expression of all these endogenous bioactive peptides in raw camel milk would might explained our previous results [ 3 ], where the consumption of raw camel milk (from Camelus dromedary ) for three months (250 ml/day) by patients infected with hepatitis C virus, at different disease stages, promoted a significance reduction in the viral load, as well as improved the general health fitness biomarkers, may be due to the existence of the arrays of bioactive peptides with the potential to regulate and control various cellular pathways. The significance differences in both qualitative and quantitative levels of endogenous peptides are not restricted to the differences in the Dromedary and Bactrian camel milk [ 1 ], but it is also found between the intraspecies “breeds” of the Dromedary [ 4 ]. Recently, the purified and/or formulated samples of lactoferrin (which may contain some of the endogenous bioactive peptides) was used for COVID-19 control [ 5 ].…”