Characterization of Endogenous Levels of Brassinosteroids and Related Genes in Grapevines

Abstract

Agronomic breeding practices for grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) include the application of growth regulators in the field. Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a family of sterol-derived plant hormones that regulate several physiological processes and responses to biotic and abiotic stress. In grapevine berries, the production of biologically active BRs, castasterone and 6-deoxocastasterone, has been reported. In this work, key BR genes were identified, and their expression profiles were determined in grapevine. Bioinformatic homology analyses of the Arabidopsis genome found 14 genes associated with biosynthetic, perception and signaling pathways, suggesting a partial conservation of these pathways between the two species. The tissue- and development-specific expression profiles of these genes were determined by qRT-PCR in nine different grapevine tissues. Using UHPLC-MS/MS, 10 different BR compounds were pinpointed and quantified in 20 different tissues, each presenting specific accumulation patterns. Although, in general, the expression profile of the biosynthesis pathway genes of BRs did not directly correlate with the accumulation of metabolites, this could reflect the complexity of the BR biosynthesis pathway and its regulation. The development of this work thus generates a contribution to our knowledge about the presence, and diversity of BRs in grapevines.

In-Silico Study of Brassinosteroid Signaling Genes in Rice Provides Insight Into Mechanisms Which Regulate Their Expression

“…Furthermore, in the remaining tissues, such as stem, root, sheath, radicle, shoot, seed, and endosperm, the genes of group 1 showed intermediate expression except for OsOFP8 and OsBRI1, which were highly expressed at the seed development stage. However, in grapevines, the VviBRI1 gene showed the low expression level at seed development stage ( Parada et al, 2022 ). In addition, we have found that the OsRGA1 gene showed intermediate expression at all developmental stages.…”

Contents of endogenous brassinosteroids and the response to drought and/or exogenously applied 24-epibrassinolide in two different maize leaves

“…On the other hand, the amount of norCS (a C 27 -BR, which is synthesized mostly from 6-oxocholestanol with cholesterol and cholestanol as earlier precursors (Bajguz et al, 2020) was lower in the 4 th (younger) leaves of our plants, whereas Zhang et al (2022a) did not report any differences. The second study published on this topic is that of Parada et al (2022) using a grapevine (Vitis vinifera) as a model plant. In their case, CS and homoDS (C 28 -and C 29 -BRs, resp.)…”