Characterization of coarse soils derived from igneous rocks for rammed earth

Lin, Hongjie; Zheng, Shunan; Lourenço, Sérgio D. N.; Jaquin, Paul

doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2017.08.003

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In the context of the PSD of local material used for RE, it is presumed that it varies not only because of the geological location of the building site, but also because of the local builders' empirical knowledge and preferences when selecting a suitable soil for building. Earlier studies [29,42,47] presented Houben and Guillard's envelope (HGE in Figure 1) on PSD that indicated soils suitable for use in RE construction. The same envelope was used in this paper, as shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Particle Size Distribution (Psd)mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…PSD is usually mentioned in papers dealing with RE, so it is also observed in this paper as the first factor. PSD governs the compaction behavior of the soil, its maximum dry density, and finally unconfined compressive strength UCS [29]. Particle size ranges defined according to Knappett and Craig [30] were used in this study.…”

Section: Particle Size Distribution (Psd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Campaigns on Mechanical Properties and Seismic Performance of Unstabilized Rammed Earth—A Literature Review

et al. 2021

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Earthen architecture has a significant share in the world’s fund of both residential architecture and cultural heritage. It provides a home to more than half of the world’s population and can be found in seismically active areas. Empirically acquired knowledge on building with rammed earth (RE) has usually been passed down from generation to generation by word of mouth, with no written scientific grant for the load-bearing capacity and resistance of structural elements. Today, many countries still do not have standards for the design of RE structures. In the development of new as well as existing design standards, the results of experimental research play a significant role. The focus of this study was on unstabilized RE, which is locally available material with low embodied energy. This paper elaborates experimental campaigns, within which meticulous techniques were employed to provide new knowledge on RE for use in earthquake-prone areas. Furthermore, this paper includes: (i) ranges of values of mechanical properties determined on RE specimens from all over the world; (ii) a comparative summary of experimental research conducted on walls and buildings to assess their seismic performance; (iii) an overview of standards and testing methods used in experiments; and (iv) recommendations for further research.

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Section: Particle Size Distribution (Psd)mentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Particle Size Distribution (Psd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Campaigns on Mechanical Properties and Seismic Performance of Unstabilized Rammed Earth—A Literature Review

et al. 2021

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“…Sci. 2019, 9, 5131 2 of 14 designing CSRE of sufficiently high compressive strength is difficult because this feature depends on several mixture properties and technological issues, such as a compaction method [3], density of elements [4][5][6], porosity of elements [6], particle size distribution of the soil [4,5,7], mineral composition of the soil [8], content and type of cement used as a stabilizer [6,9,10], moisture content of the soil-cement mixture during construction [4,9,[11][12][13], moisture content of element during service [11,12], exposure conditions of the construction elements [5,14], and age of the construction elements [6,15,16].…”

Section: Aim and Scope Of The Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Compressive Strength of Cement-Stabilized Rammed Earth Based on SEM Images Using Computer Vision and Deep Learning

et al. 2019

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Predicting the compressive strength of cement-stabilized rammed earth (CSRE) using current testing machines is time-consuming and costly and may harm the environment due to the samples’ waste. This paper presents an automatic method using computer vision and deep learning to solve the problem. For this purpose, a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) model is proposed, which was evaluated on a new in-house scanning electron microscope (SEM) image database containing 4284 images of materials with different compressive strengths. The experimental results show reasonable prediction results compared to other traditional methods, achieving 84% prediction accuracy and a small (1.5) oot Mean Square Error (RMSE). This indicates that the proposed method (with some enhancements) can be used in practice for predicting the compressive strength of CSRE samples.

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“…Traditional specifications (Krumbein, 1941;Wadell, 1933) required projection area maximization and, therefore, some control on particle alignment. However, this is not possible in some automated systems, which operate on a dynamic setting, by imaging flowing particles (Altuhafi et al, 2012;Lin et al, 2017). These systems are fast and very efficient but result in randomly-oriented projections.…”

Section: Area Sphericitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sphericity measures of sand grains

Rorato

Arroyo

Andò

et al. 2019

Engineering Geology

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The sphericity of a grain should measure the similitude of its shape with that of a sphere. Sphericity as shape descriptor is of traditional interest for sedimentology. Now it has gained also interest to facilitate discrete element modelling of granular materials. True sphericity was initially defined by a surface ratio that requires three-dimensional (3D) grain surface measurement. That kind of measurement has been practically impossible until recently and, as a consequence, a number of alternative 3D measures and 2D proxies were proposed. In this work we present results from a study of grain shape based on x-ray tomography of two different sand specimens, containing more than 110.000 particles altogether. Sphericity measures were systematically obtained for all grains. 2D proxy measures were also obtained in samples of oriented and not-oriented grains. It is shown that the 2D proxy best correlated with true sphericity is perimeter sphericity, whereas the traditional Krumbein-Sloss chart proxy is poorly correlated. 2D measures acquired through minor axis projection are more closely related to 3D measures than those acquired using random projections.

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Characterization of coarse soils derived from igneous rocks for rammed earth

Cited by 10 publications

References 22 publications

Experimental Campaigns on Mechanical Properties and Seismic Performance of Unstabilized Rammed Earth—A Literature Review

Experimental Campaigns on Mechanical Properties and Seismic Performance of Unstabilized Rammed Earth—A Literature Review

Predicting Compressive Strength of Cement-Stabilized Rammed Earth Based on SEM Images Using Computer Vision and Deep Learning

Sphericity measures of sand grains

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