Characterization of cetylpyridinium bromide-modified montmorillonite incorporated cellulose acetate nanocomposite films

Abstract

An organoclay (MMT-CPB) based on montmorillonite (MMT) and cetylpyridinium bromide (CPB) was synthesized by a cationic interchange process. The presence of CPB into the clay structure was evidenced by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). This organoclay was then used to prepare cellulose acetate (CA) nanocomposite films with different content of this nanofiller (2.5-7.5 wt%) through a casting technique. All nanocomposites were characterized by XRD, FTIR, differential scanning calorimetry, TGA, optical and mechanical analyses. So, nanocomposites were characterized by the intercalation of CA into the clay structure. Organoclay content did not affect the glass transition (T g ) and melting temperature (T m ) of CA; however, thermal stability of CA was slightly improved with the presence of the organoclay. Therefore, optical and mechanical properties were significantly affected with the increase of the organoclay content into the CA. On the other hand, electrical conductivity (EC) measurement was performed to evaluate the release of cetylpyridinium from the CA nanocomposites to an aqueous medium. An important increase of the EC over time was observed. Therefore, the EC values were dependent on the content of MMT-CPB in the CA nanocomposites. However, a likely degradation of cellulose acetate in the aqueous medium affected the surfactant quantification.

Effect of organoclay and preparation method on properties of antimicrobial cellulose acetate films

“…It is well‐known that CA can be degraded by a photo‐chemical process where formation of radicals initiated by the absorption of light . Moreover, presence of acetic acid as degradation product from deacetylation reaction of CA could also contribute to increase the antimicrobial activity after 14 weeks .…”

“…The nanocomposites were prepared according to a procedure previously reported . The selection of the composition of the nanocomposites was based on previous studies [1, 19, 42, 54].…”

Biodegradable Blends with Potential Use in Packaging: A Comparison of PLA/Chitosan and PLA/Cellulose Acetate Films

“…It is obtained from the reaction of cellulose with acetic anhydride and acetic acid using sulfuric acid as a catalyst [13]. The glass transition temperature of cellulose acetate is approximately 185°C, and the melting temperature is approximately 220°C [14]. Its market price is approximately US$ 1.00/kg [15].…”

Antibacterial cellulose acetate films incorporated with N‐halamine‐modified nano‐crystalline cellulose particles

“…However, the relatively low increase of tensile strength for CA/NCC‐PMAM‐Cl‐1.5 samples could be due to some aggregations during the casting process. All the CA/NCC‐PMAM‐Cl‐0.5, CA/NCC‐PMAM‐Cl‐1.0, and CA/NCC‐PMAM‐Cl‐1.5 samples showed lower elongation compared with the pure CA film, indicating that the nanocomposite films became more brittle with the addition of NCC particles, which might be due to the highly crystallized structure. At a higher percentage of NCC/PMAMs, it could cause more aggregations during the film formation simultaneously, and CA/NCC‐PMAM‐Cl‐1.0 film was selected for further testing due to both its good dispersibility and tensile strength.…”

“…Both mechanical and ultrasonic mixing modes were used to promote a good dispersion of NCC‐PMAM nanoparticles within the matrix. Typically, CA flakes were added into acetone at a ratio of 1:10 (w/v) while stirring for 8–10 hr to form a homogeneous CA solution. At the same time, a required amount of NCC‐PMAMs was completely suspended in deionized water with ultrasonic mixing at room temperature overnight.…”