Characterization of CBD–CdS layers with different S/Cd ratios in the chemical bath and their relation with the efficiency of CdS/CdTe solar cells

Effect of cooling rate of pre-annealed CdS thin film electrodes prepared by chemical bath deposition: Enhancement of photoelectrochemical characteristics

“…Metal chalcogenide thin films, such as those of CdS, are one important example of film SC electrodes. Both CBD and Electrochemical Deposition techniques have been widely described to prepare FTO/CdS electrodes for the purpose of photoelectrochemical (PEC) applications [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Investigating the CdS film electrodes from different points of view, such as short-circuit enhancement, open-circuit potential enhancement, SEM surface studies, absorption spectra and photoluminescence (PL) spectra, are known.…”

Study on the introduction of Se into CdS thin films: Influence on the kinetics of the deposition and the structural and optical properties

“…An excess of NH 4 OH was used to avoid the formation of Cd(OH) 2 [16]. For CdS films the employed Cd:S precursors ratio was 1:5 as indicated in bibliography [18]. In the case of CdS 0.75 Se 0.25 , the precursors ratio Cd:S:Se was1:5:1. its influence on the composition of the films and powders, on the thickness and growth rate of the films, as well as on the depletion of the reactants.…”

Structural and Optical Properties of Chemically Deposited CdS Thin Films

“…X-ray diffraction taken by (Philips 1140) diffractometer of  = 1.54 Å from Cu-K operating at 36 kV-18 mA and compared with the ASTM cards number 83.The lattice parameters, a and c of the unit cell were evaluated from the relation [8,9], (2) where d is the inter planar spacing. The grain size (D) values are calculated using the Scherrer Formula [7]:…”

“…Cadmium sulfide (CdS) has been emerged as an important transparent conducting semiconductor for thin film CdTe and CuInSe 2 heterojunction solar cells [1][2][3][4]. Among all thin film deposition methods, chemical bath deposition (CBD) is the simplest one that offers great scope for large area fabrication.…”