“…Ye et al [27][28][29] developed a vision-based structural displacement measurement system based on a digital image processing approach and verified its effectiveness and accuracy. In addition, digital imaging methods with advantages of the nonintrusion, nondestruction, multipoint measurement, high resolution, and cost-effectiveness have also been widely used in crack identification [30], characterization of blood samples [31], and three-dimensional reconstruction [32]. In the proposed method, pigment was diluted in a water film, images of the water film were captured by a digital camera, and finally, the thickness distribution was identified based on the grayscale index of the water film.…”