Characterization of Bioaerosols from Dairy Barns: Reconstructing the Puzzle of Occupational Respiratory Diseases by Using Molecular Approaches

Lecours, Pascale Blais; Veillette, Marc; Marsolais, David; Duchaine, Caroline

doi:10.1128/aem.07661-11

Cited by 65 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…We obtained similar results, confirming that the two methods are comparable (data not shown). The same observation was previously published by our team (39).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 84%

Detection of Streptococcus suis in Bioaerosols of Swine Confinement Buildings

Bonifait

Veillette

Létourneau

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Streptococcus suis is an important swine pathogen that can cause septicemia, meningitis, and pneumonia. Also recognized as an emerging zoonotic agent, it is responsible for outbreaks of human infections in Asian countries. Serotype 2 is the predominant isolate from diseased animals and humans. The aerosolization of S. suis in the air of swine confinement buildings (SCB) was studied. The presence of S. suis in bioaerosols was monitored in SCB where cases of infection had been reported and in healthy SCB without reported infections. Using a quantitative-PCR (qPCR) method, we determined the total number of bacteria (1 × 10(8) to 2 × 10(8) airborne/m(3)), total number of S. suis bacteria (4 × 10(5) to 10 × 10(5) airborne/m(3)), and number of S. suis serotype 2 and 1/2 bacteria (1 × 10(3) to 30 × 10(3) airborne/m(3)) present in the air. S. suis serotypes 2 and 1/2 were detected in the air of all growing/finishing SCB that had documented cases of S. suis infection and in 50% of healthy SCB. The total number of bacteria and total numbers of S. suis and S. suis serotype 2 and 1/2 bacteria were monitored in one positive SCB during a 5-week period, and it was shown that the aerosolized S. suis serotypes 2 and 1/2 remain airborne for a prolonged period. When the effect of aerosolization on S. suis was observed, the percentage of intact S. suis bacteria (showing cell membrane integrity) in the air might have been up to 13%. Finally S. suis was found in nasal swabs from 14 out of 21 healthy finishing-SCB workers, suggesting significant exposure to the pathogen. This report provides a better understanding of the aerosolization, prevalence, and persistence of S. suis in SCB.

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“…We obtained similar results, confirming that the two methods are comparable (data not shown). The same observation was previously published by our team (39).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 84%

Detection of Streptococcus suis in Bioaerosols of Swine Confinement Buildings

Bonifait

Veillette

Létourneau

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…The concentrations obtained for the NTC were subtracted from each series. The chosen protocol for bioaerosols quantification has been used in different type of environments with no inhibition observed …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioaerosols in the Barcelona subway system

et al. 2016

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Subway systems worldwide transport more than 100 million people daily; therefore, air quality on station platforms and inside trains is an important urban air pollution issue. We examined the microbiological composition and abundance in space and time of bioaerosols collected in the Barcelona subway system during a cold period. Quantitative PCR was used to quantify total bacteria, Aspergillus fumigatus, influenza A and B, and rhinoviruses. Multitag 454 pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was used to assess bacterial community composition and biodiversity. The results showed low bioaerosol concentrations regarding the targeted microorganisms, although the bacterial bioburden was rather high (10 bacteria/m ). Airborne bacterial communities presented a high degree of overlap among the different subway environments sampled (inside trains, platforms, and lobbies) and were dominated by a few widespread taxa, with Methylobacterium being the most abundant genus. Human-related microbiota in sequence dataset and ascribed to potentially pathogenic bacteria were found in low proportion (maximum values below 2% of sequence readings) and evenly detected. Hence, no important biological exposure marker was detected in any of the sampled environments. Overall, we found that commuters are not the main source of bioaerosols in the Barcelona subway system.

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“…There is a direct link between organic dust-related microbial exposures such as: inhalation of gram negative and gram positive bacteria; microbial components -- lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycans [6], fungal beta glucans [32*]; and lung disease in CAFO workers. Bioaerosol characterization studies demonstrated that microbial agents present in barn dust can deposit in the lungs of farmers and their family members [33,34]. Agricultural bioaerosols also contain fungal 1,3-β-glucan, particles in the respirable range (1 μm diameter), which can deposit deep within the lungs and cause respiratory illness [32*].…”

Section: Diversity and Factors Affecting Agricultural Environment Expmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farm animal models of organic dust exposure and toxicity

McClendon

Gerald

Waterman

2015

Current Opinion in Allergy &Amp; Clinical Immunology

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Purpose of review Modern food animal production is a major contributor to the global economy, owing to advanced intensive indoor production facilities aimed at increasing market readiness and profit. Consequences of these advances are accumulation of dusts, gases and microbial products that diminish air quality within production facilities. Chronic inhalation exposure contributes to onset and exacerbation of respiratory symptoms and diseases in animals and workers. This article reviews literature regarding constituents of farm animal production facility dusts; animal responses to production building and organic dust exposure, and the effect of chronic inhalation exposure on pulmonary oxidative stress and inflammation. Recent findings –Porcine models of production facility and organic dust exposures reveal striking similarities to observations of human cells, tissues and clinical data. Oxidative stress plays a key role in mediating respiratory diseases in animals and humans, and enhancement of antioxidant levels through nutritional supplements can improve respiratory health. Summary – Pigs are well adapted to the exposures common to swine production buildings and thus serve as excellent models for facility workers. Insight for understanding mechanisms governing organic dust associated respiratory diseases may come from parallel comparisons between farmers and the animals they raise.

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Characterization of Bioaerosols from Dairy Barns: Reconstructing the Puzzle of Occupational Respiratory Diseases by Using Molecular Approaches

Cited by 65 publications

References 35 publications

Detection of Streptococcus suis in Bioaerosols of Swine Confinement Buildings

Detection of Streptococcus suis in Bioaerosols of Swine Confinement Buildings

Bioaerosols in the Barcelona subway system

Farm animal models of organic dust exposure and toxicity

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