Characterization of beta2-microglobulin in a primitive fish, the Siberian sturgeon ( Acipenser baeri )

Lundqvist, Monalill; Appelkvist, Paulina; Hermsen, Trudi; Pilström, Lars; Stet, R.J.M.

doi:10.1007/s002510050690

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Thus, the trout genome is tetraploid for the ␤ 2 m locus, as also seen for the CK-1 chemokine locus (28). Unlike the sturgeon in which the four ␤ 2 m alleles sort into two pairs of more closely related alleles (19), there is no indication for diploidization of the rainbow trout ␤ 2 m locus. This is in contrast with MHC class I of rainbow trout, for which a maximum of two Onmy UBA alleles can be detected in an individual (29,30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

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The β2-Microglobulin Locus of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Contains Three Polymorphic Genes

Magor

Shum

Parham

2004

The Journal of Immunology

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β2-microglobulin (β2m) associates with MHC and related class I H chains to form cell surface glycoproteins that mediate a variety of functions in defense. In humans, monomorphism of a single β2m gene contrasts with the diversity and polymorphism of the class I H chain genes, and a similar picture was seen in almost all other species examined. In this regard, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) appeared unusual: trout β2m genes gave a complicated and polymorphic pattern in Southern blots, and a minimum of 10 different mRNA encoding two distinct types of β2m were expressed by a single fish. Characterization of genomic clones from the same fish now shows that the rainbow trout β2m locus consists of two expressed genes and one partial gene that are closely linked. Four copies of the locus were identified and allelic variants of each gene defined, largely through comparison of the noncoding regions. A dramatic variation in the lengths of introns is caused by variable repetitive elements and accounts for the complex pattern seen in Southern blots. By comparison to noncoding sequences, the coding regions are conserved but the three loci differ within a cluster of codons that encode residues of β2m that do not interact with class I H chains. Additional diversity in the trout β2m genes appears to be due to somatic mutation that might be facilitated by the abundance of repetitive DNA elements within the 12 β2m genes of an individual rainbow trout.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…In chickens (15), ␤ 2 m is also encoded by a single gene located on a chromosome different from that of the MHC. In diploid fish, including zebrafish (16), catfish (17), and tilapia (18), ␤ 2 m is encoded by a single gene, as also seems likely for the tetraploid carp (18) and sturgeon (19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The β2-Microglobulin Locus of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Contains Three Polymorphic Genes

Magor

Shum

Parham

2004

The Journal of Immunology

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“…One hybridizing band was detected in each of five single restriction digests, indicating a single copy of b 2 m. A single band is also found in tilapia [11], zebrafish [12] and catfish [13], which are all diploid species. Sturgeon [14] and carp [11] show two hybridizing bands, which is due to the tetraploid nature of these species. Cod is a diploid species that shows two hybridizing bands, which are thought to be alleles of a single gene [15].…”

Section: Walleye Beta 2 -Microglobulin Gene Copy Numbermentioning

confidence: 98%

Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding walleye (Sander vitreum) beta-2 microglobulin

Christie

Guang

Fujiki

et al. 2007

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

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“…However, most studies have focused on molecular cloning and phylogeny, and only a few have investigated its genomic structure and sequence diversity. In general, the β 2 m gene contains four exons and three introns in higher vertebrates, and consists of three exons and two introns in teleosts (Parnes and Seidman, 1982;Gussow et al, 1987;Lundqvist et al, 1999;Xu et al, 2010a); however, two distinct types of β 2 m have been identified in the red sea bream (Pagrus major) and the yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) using expressed sequence tags (ESTs) (Kondo et al, 2010). β 2 m has no isoforms and is not polymorphic in higher vertebrates, but polymorphisms between different alleles have been found in some fish species (Shum et al, 1996;Magor et al, 2004;Xu et al, 2010b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic characterization and sequence diversity of the β2-microglobulin gene in the miiuy croaker, Miichthys miiuy

et al. 2015

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. b 2 -Microglobulin (β 2 m) is related to major histocompatibility complex class I alpha chains, and forms cellsurface glycoproteins that mediate a variety of functions in immune defense. In general, β 2 m has no isoforms and is not polymorphic in higher vertebrates, but polymorphisms between different alleles have been found in some fish species. In this study, full-length β 2 m cDNA and genomic sequences were cloned from the miiuy croaker (Miichthys miiuy). The miiuy croaker β 2 m gene shares many of the same characteristics as other fish species. Three exons and two introns were identified in the miiuy croaker β 2 m gene; these genomic structural features are similar to those present in other fish. The deduced β 2 m amino acid sequence exhibited 34.7-90.1% identity with mammal and teleost β 2 m amino acid sequences. Sequence polymorphism analysis in six individuals identified three alleles that encoded two proteins, confirming that β 2 m polymorphisms exist in this species. Phylogenetic analysis elucidated the evolutionary history of the β 2 m protein among warm-blooded vertebrates and bony fish.

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Characterization of beta2-microglobulin in a primitive fish, the Siberian sturgeon ( Acipenser baeri )

Cited by 25 publications

References 14 publications

The β2-Microglobulin Locus of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Contains Three Polymorphic Genes

The β2-Microglobulin Locus of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Contains Three Polymorphic Genes

Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding walleye (Sander vitreum) beta-2 microglobulin

Genomic characterization and sequence diversity of the β2-microglobulin gene in the miiuy croaker, Miichthys miiuy

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