Characterization of bacterial knot disease caused by Pseudomonas savastanoi
 pv. savastanoi
 on pomegranate (Punica granatum 
L.) trees: a new host of the pathogen

Bozkurt, İmam Adem; Soylu, Soner; Mırık, Mustafa; Serçe, Çiğdem Ulubaş; Baysal, Ömür

doi:10.1111/lam.12309

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Some strains are able to infect other woody plants besides olive, such as oleander ( Nerium oleander ), ash ( Fraxinus excelsior ), jasmine ( Jasminum officinalis ), privet ( Ligustrum japonicum ), Forsythia spp., Phillyrea spp. (Bradbury, ), Retama sphaerocarpa (Garcia De Los Rios, ), myrtle ( Myrtus communis ), buckthorn ( Rhamnus alaternus ) (Saad & Hanna, ), Mandevilla sanderi (Eltlbany et al ., ) and pomegranate ( Punica granatum ) (Bozkurt et al ., ). Based on differences in host range and other phenotypic and genetic data, the species is divided into the following pathovars: pv.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Genetic and phenotypic diversity of Mediterranean populations of the olive knot pathogen, Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi

Moretti¹,

Vinatzer

Onofri³

et al. 2016

Plant Pathology

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Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi (Psav) is a member of P. syringae sensu lato, and causes olive knot disease, a disease first reported over 2000 years ago. Analysing 124 isolates of Psav from 15 countries by rep-PCR, the population genetic structure of Psav was investigated. A total of 113 distinct fingerprints were detected. Cluster analysis revealed the existence of two clusters and four subclusters. These clusters were associated with the geographic origin of isolates, which in turn correspond to historic human migration events and trade routes across the Mediterranean Sea. In contrast, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) of 2788 bp of the gapA, gltA, gyrB and rpoD genes found only one variable site among 77 representative isolates. Virulence variation was observed within the Psav population, with the most virulent strains generating knots that had a weight that was 10-fold greater than those generated by the least virulent strains. Taken together, these data suggest that today's Psav population is the result of clonal expansion of a single strain, that moderate migration of the pathogen occurred between countries, and that changes in virulence arose during its evolution.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Genetic and phenotypic diversity of Mediterranean populations of the olive knot pathogen, Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi

Moretti¹,

Vinatzer

Onofri³

et al. 2016

Plant Pathology

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“…In contrast, the host range of Psr isolates is restricted to Spanish broom (Janse, 1982; Iacobellis et al, 1998; Ramos et al, 2012). Knot formation by P. savastanoi has also been described in several other hosts, including jasmine (Gardan et al, 1992b), privet (Gardan et al, 1992b), mock privet (Gardan et al, 1992b), forsythia (Bradbury, 1986), buckthorn (Temsah et al, 2007a), fontanesia (Mirik et al, 2011), pomegranate (Bozkurt et al, 2014), myrtle (Goumas et al, 2000; Temsah et al, 2007b; Cinelli et al, 2014) and dipladenia (Putnam et al, 2010; Eltlbany et al, 2012; Pirc et al, 2014; Caballo-Ponce and Ramos, 2016) ( Table 1 ). Although these P. savastanoi hosts are classified in several plant families, over 50% of them belong to the Oleaceae family.…”

Section: Tumorigenic Pathovars Of P Savastanoimentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Knot induction by P. savastanoi in woody hosts is characterized by the formation of hypertrophic and hyperplastic overgrowths on the trunks, stems and branches; however, this symptomatology is rarely observed on the leaves and fruits (Janse, 1980; Rodríguez-Moreno et al, 2008, 2009; Mirik et al, 2011; Eltlbany et al, 2012; Ramos et al, 2012; Bozkurt et al, 2014). Considerable progress in identifying and understanding bacterial mechanisms that govern knot generation by P. savastanoi , some of which are specific to woody host pathogens, has been achieved in recent years ( Table 2 ) and will be reviewed below.…”

Section: Tumorigenic Pathovars Of P Savastanoimentioning

confidence: 99%

Knots Untie: Molecular Determinants Involved in Knot Formation Induced by Pseudomonas savastanoi in Woody Hosts

et al. 2017

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The study of the molecular basis of tree diseases is lately receiving a renewed attention, especially with the emerging perception that pathogens require specific pathogenicity and virulence factors to successfully colonize woody hosts. Pathosystems involving woody plants are notoriously difficult to study, although the use of model bacterial strains together with genetically homogeneous micropropagated plant material is providing a significant impetus to our understanding of the molecular determinants leading to disease. The gammaproteobacterium Pseudomonas savastanoi belongs to the intensively studied Pseudomonas syringae complex, and includes three pathogenic lineages causing tumorous overgrowths (knots) in diverse economically relevant trees and shrubs. As it occurs with many other bacteria, pathogenicity of P. savastanoi is dependent on a type III secretion system, which is accompanied by a core set of at least 20 effector genes shared among strains isolated from olive, oleander, and ash. The induction of knots of wild-type size requires that the pathogen maintains adequate levels of diverse metabolites, including the phytohormones indole-3-acetic acid and cytokinins, as well as cyclic-di-GMP, some of which can also regulate the expression of other pathogenicity and virulence genes and participate in bacterial competitiveness. In a remarkable example of social networking, quorum sensing molecules allow for the communication among P. savastanoi and other members of the knot microbiome, while at the same time are essential for tumor formation. Additionally, a distinguishing feature of bacteria from the P. syringae complex isolated from woody organs is the possession of a 15 kb genomic island (WHOP) carrying four operons and three other genes involved in degradation of phenolic compounds. Two of these operons mediate the catabolism of anthranilate and catechol and, together with another operon, are required for the induction of full-size tumors in woody hosts, but not in non-woody micropropagated plants. The use of transposon mutagenesis also uncovered a treasure trove of additional P. savastanoi genes affecting virulence and participating in diverse bacterial processes. Although there is still much to be learned on what makes a bacterium a successful pathogen of trees, we are already untying the knots.

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“…punicae, the causal organism of bacterial blight of pomegranate in India, infect leaves, stems and reduce crop yield to 60 -80%, while bacterial knot disease caused by Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi on pomegranate trees isolated in Turkey by Bozkurt et al [18].…”

Section: Original Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Pomegranate (Punica granata L.) Inner Decay Caused by Gluconobacter oxydans Bacterium

Armanious

2021

AJAHR

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During the autumn of 2018, inner fruit decay symptoms were observed in pomegranate fruits collected from markets in different localities and farms from Giza, Minia and Assuit Governorates, Egypt. Similar symptoms were observed in each location. The symptoms appeared as creamy bright growth of bacteria in the mesocarp layer, decayed both arils and seeds. Bacteria were isolated from these decayed fruits. The pathogenicity test for isolated bacteria was done. Also, the expressed symptom was compared with the original observed symptoms as followed in Koch postulates. Based on morphological characteristics, analysis of 16S rDNA Genes sequences, and pathogenicity test on pomegranate fruits, the causal agent was identified as Gluconobacter oxydans. Possible control attempts were implemented included applying of essential oils. The results revealed that essential oils of Marjoram, followed by Chamomile expressed the most effective against infection with the bacterium when compared with the control.

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Characterization of bacterial knot disease caused by Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi on pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) trees: a new host of the pathogen

Cited by 20 publications

References 22 publications

Genetic and phenotypic diversity of Mediterranean populations of the olive knot pathogen, Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi

Genetic and phenotypic diversity of Mediterranean populations of the olive knot pathogen, Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi

Knots Untie: Molecular Determinants Involved in Knot Formation Induced by Pseudomonas savastanoi in Woody Hosts

Pomegranate (Punica granata L.) Inner Decay Caused by Gluconobacter oxydans Bacterium

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