Characterization of Antixenosis in Soybean Genotypes to Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Biotype B

Abstract

Bemisia tabaci biotype B (Gennadius) is one of the most important soybean pest worldwide. Herein, 15 soybean genotypes were evaluated, to characterize the occurrence of antixenosis to B. tabaci biotype B. Initially, a multiple-choice test with all genotypes was carried out, evaluating the settling and oviposition preference at 3 d after infestation, and the colonization by nymphs after 48 d of infestation. Subsequently, a no-choice test, using 14 genotypes, was conducted with infested plants individually, and the number of eggs was counted after 72 h. Then, 10 genotypes were selected (indicative of resistance and susceptibility), which were evaluated for whitefly settling 24, 48, and 72 h after infestation and for oviposition 72 h after infestation. The trichomes of the leaflets were characterized for density, size, and inclination to establish possible correlations with the settling and oviposition in the genotypes. In the first multiple-choice test, involving 15 genotypes, 'IAC-17,' 'IAC-19,' and UX-2569-159 expressed antixenosis against B. tabaci. 'Jackson,' 'P98Y11,' and PI-229358 exhibited the same behavior in the no-choice test. In the multiple-choice test, 'Jackson,' 'P98Y11,' and 'TMG1176 RR' were the least attractive and least used for oviposition. The antixenosis shown by 'Jackson,' 'P98Y11,' and PI-229358 may be related to the characteristics of the trichomes (lower density and inclined). Based on the experiments carried out, 'IAC-17,' 'IAC-19,' 'Jackson,' 'P98Y11,' PI-229358, TMG1176 RR, and UX-2569-159 are considered promising for resistance to B. tabaci biotype B and may be exploited in soybean breeding programs for resistance to insects.

Resistance Sources and Antixenotic Factors in Brazilian Bean Genotypes Against Bemisia tabaci

“…A positive and significant correlation between the number of adults and eggs was observed in our trials, corroborating with other studies with tomato and soybean (Silva et al 2008, Valle et al 2012, Baldin et al 2017, and indicating that adult whiteflies prefer these surface for feeding and oviposition (Van Lenteren & Noldus 1990). In addition, there was also a negative correlation between trichomes and the number of adults and eggs, unlike studies conducted by other authors with common bean (Oriani et al 2005), which showed positive correlations between egg numbers and density of acicular (long) and unciform (short) trichomes.…”

Monitoring Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Infestation in Soybean Using Hyperspectral Remote Sensing

“…Thus, it is possible to observe in figure 4 that the treatment with least photosynthetically activity (high infestation) presented higher reflectance in all the visible region spectrum. This might have occurred because of how whitefly infestation affects the plant physiology, altering water balance, photosynthesis, chlorophyll content and metabolites associated with physiological stress [37,38].…”

Resistance to greenbugs in the sorghum nested association mapping population

“…Several previous studies have shown that the reduced phloem sap ingestion from the host plants correlates with the enhanced resistance to daraju et al 2007;Koch et al 2015;George et al 2017;George and Lapointe 2018;Sun et al 2018). Besides the chemical substances present in the phloem sap of resistant plants, it is possible that the presence of morphological/physical barriers on host plants can also contribute to difficulties in stylet penetration and sustainment for sapsucking insect feeding (Baldin et al 2017;George et al 2017). Such strong antixenosis, in some cases, can lead to starvation and death of the insects, when suitable host plants are unavailable (Smith 2005).…”