Characterization Of Alkaloids From The Leaves Of Psychotria Malayana Jack Of Lombok Island On The Basis Of Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy

Abstract

The genus Psychotria is well known as a source of alkaloids and has contributed several novel indole-type alkaloids with quite a broad spectrum of bioactivities. This study was focused on identifying the alkaloids from the leaves of P. malayana Jack from Lombok island on the basis of Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) data and the sample preparation followed acid-base extraction. The study showed that the major alkaloid contained by the leaves was hodgkinsine and other minor compounds, namely calycanthine, chimonantine, 2-ethyl-6-methylpyrazine, and 3-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrogamma-carboline. Bioactivities of the compounds were also discussed.

The GenusPsychotria: Phytochemistry, Chemotaxonomy, Ethnopharmacology and Biological Properties

“…43 In P. vellosiana Benth. was reported the presence of squalene (65), lupeol (66), a mixture of sitosterol (67) and stigmasterol (68) obtained from the aerial parts of the plant. Also according to the authors this is the first time that squalene was described on the genus.…”

Chemical Constituents of Plants from the GenusPsychotria

“…Psycholeine ( 12 ) contains quinoline units, which was biosynthesized after a cascade of chemical reactions . Seven alkaloids have been characterized from the leaves of P. malayana on the basis of GCMS, with hodgkinsine ( 13 ) as the major alkaloid . Psychotrimine ( 14 ) is the first alkaloid of this class that contains the tryptamine unit in the molecule .…”

“…Compounds 1 – 159 , have been isolated from the plants of genus Psychotria . Their structures are shown below, and their names and the corresponding plant sources are listed in the Table .…”

Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitory Effect of Psychotria malayana Jack Leaf: A Rapid Analysis Using Infrared Fingerprinting

“…Hadi et al [ 7 ] identified major alkaloids, hodgkinsines, and other compounds, including calycanthine, (+/−)-chimonanthine, meso-chimonanthine, 2-ethyl-6-methylpyrazine, and 3-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-γ-carboline from the leaves of P. malayana. Matssura et al [ 9 ] illustrated the analgesic activities of hodgkinsine, (+)-chimonanthine, and meso-chimonanthine.…”

“…Psychotria malayana Jack is a plant of the Rubiaceae family and has several synonyms: Grumilea aurantiaca , Pilosella aurantiaca , Chassalia expansa , Psychotria stipulacea , and Uragoga malayana . Hadi et al [ 7 ] reported the derivation of major alkaloids, hodgkinsine, and other compounds, including calycanthine, (+/−)-chimonanthine, meso-chimonanthine, 3-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-γ-carboline, and 2-methyl-6-methyl pyrazine, from P. malayana leaves. Further, Hadi [ 8 ] studied the anti-bacterial activities of LPM-574, which is a derivative of hodgkinsine.…”