Characterization of a Surface Wave Driven Plasma Monopole Antenna

A Two Element Plasma Antenna Array

“…The power flux of the wave in a SWD plasma column decreases axially as power is gradually transferred to the discharge [1,[8][9][10] and the electron density steadily decreases from the launcher which has been shown previously experimentally [1] and theoretically [9]. Consequently, the plasma column is axially non uniform and it will result in a non uniform conductivity along the column.…”

“…The length and radius of the column were chosen to be 600 mm and 12 mm respectively and the thickness and height of the coupling sleeve were 3 mm and 30 mm. The surface wave is launched applying an intense field between the coupling sleeve and the metallic box, and the results are reported in [8]. The dimensions of the metallic box were chosen to be 130 250 55 .…”

“…Where E and H are the electric (V/m) and magnetic (A/m) fields, respectively, 0 µ is the magnetic permeability (H/m) of free space, 0 ε is the free space permittivity (F/m), υ is the average collision frequency (Hz) and J is the plasma current density (A/m 2 ). For details of the FDTD methodology, the reader is referred to [8,[13][14].…”

“…Since plasma antennas have properties quite different from those of metallic conductors, the key plasma parameters should be determined and optimized with respect to the characteristics of antennas. However, there are limited numerical simulations in this regard [4][5][6][7][8]. Numerical simulation is a powerful tool to evaluate, with maximum flexibility and minimal cost, the performance of these novel antennas.…”

Calculation of beamforming for the HF radar with the two-element crossed-loop/monopole antenna array

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] It can measure the ocean surface current, wind, and wave using high frequency (HF) (3-30 MHz) electromagnetic waves, which can propagate along the ocean surface. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Among these applications, wave measurement is a developing application which has been studied by many researchers, and intensive investigations have been done for decades. [8][9][10][11] The crossed-loop/monopole antenna [4,8], which is a compact antenna system, was first used by the coastal ocean dynamics applications radar (CODAR).…”