Characterization of a NDM-1- Encoding Plasmid pHFK418-NDM From a Clinical Proteus mirabilis Isolate Harboring Two Novel Transposons, Tn6624 and Tn6625

Abstract

Acquisition of the blaNDM–1 gene by Proteus mirabilis is a concern because it already has intrinsic resistance to polymyxin E and tigecycline antibiotics. Here, we describe a P. mirabilis isolate that carries a pPrY2001-like plasmid (pHFK418-NDM) containing a blaNDM–1 gene. The pPrY2001-like plasmid, pHFK418-NDM, was first reported in China. The pHFK418-NDM plasmid was sequenced using a hybrid approach based on Illumina and MinION platforms. The sequence of pHFK418-NDM was compared with those of the six other pPrY2001-like plasmids deposited in GenBank. We found that the multidrug-resistance encoding region of pHFK418-NDM contains ΔTn10 and a novel transposon Tn6625. Tn6625 consists of ΔTn1696, Tn6260, In251, ΔTn125 (carrying blaNDM–1), ΔTn2670, and a novel mph(E)-harboring transposon Tn6624. In251 was first identified in a clinical isolate, suggesting that it has been transferred efficiently from environmental organisms to clinical isolates. Genomic comparisons of all these pPrY2001-like plasmids showed that their relatively conserved backbones could integrate the numerous and various accessory modules carrying multifarious antibiotic resistance genes. Our results provide a greater depth of insight into the horizontal transfer of resistance genes and add interpretive value to the genomic diversity and evolution of pPrY2001-like plasmids.

Characterization of Tn7-like transposons and its related antibiotic resistance among Enterobacteriaceae from livestock and poultry in China

“…1). The result indicated Proteus malleable genomes contribute to facilitate high-frequency insertion of transposons like Tn7-like, which was similar to the ndings of other studies (31,34,35). Also, Escherichia coli is the representative strain of the genus Escherichia, which is the abundant type of bacteria in the intestine of humans and animals (36), so its proportion in Tn7-like positive Enterobacteriaceae is also large.…”

“…Conjugation was performed using rifampin-resistant E. coli EC600 as the recipient and the P. mirabilis SCBX1.1 isolate as the donor with selection on Salmonella Shigella agar plates containing 20 mg/liter rifampin and 8 mg/liter orfenicol. Successful horizontal transfer of plasmid p1.1.2 containing Tn7-like transposon was con rmed using antibiotic sensitivity test and PCR as mentioned above, then the conjugation frequency was calculated as transconjugants divided by number of donors (31). The stability of p1.1.2 in the positive transconjugants (designated EC-600-Pp1.1.2) was determined by passage in Brain Heart Infusion(BHI) broth lacking antibiotics as described previously (32).…”

Complete Genome and Plasmids Sequences of a Clinical Proteus mirabilis Isolate Producing Plasmid Mediated NDM-1 From Italy

“…The Gram-negative rod Proteus mirabilis is a leading cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs), particularly in patients suffering from complicated or catheter associated UTIs [1]. Because of the pathogen's intrinsic resistance to polymyxin, nitrofurantoin, and tigecycline [2], the additional acquisition of antimicrobial resistance genes represents an epidemiological and therapeutic threat [3]. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) profiles are constantly increasing worldwide in P. mirabilis, mainly due to the production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), AmpC β-lactamases, and/or carbapenemases [4][5][6].…”

“…Few cases of P. mirabilis New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM)-producer have been described in China [8], Brazil [9], Tunisia [10], Austria [11], India [12], and New Zealand [13]. In Enterobacterales, bla NDM-1 is one of the most spread MβL-encoding genes [2]. In P. mirabilis, the bla NDM-1 determinant has been frequently associated with plasmids of IncC, IncFII, IncR, or an unknown incompatibility group.…”

“…In P. mirabilis, the bla NDM-1 determinant has been frequently associated with plasmids of IncC, IncFII, IncR, or an unknown incompatibility group. The bla NDM-1 gene is mainly mobilized through the ISAba125-bounded composite transposon Tn125 [2]. The epidemiology and the impact of NDM-producing P. mirabilis strains on treatment outcomes is still widely unknown in Italy.…”