CHARACTERIZATION OF A FISH SYMBIONT OF <i>PHOTOBACTERIUM PHOSPHOREUM</i> WITH ALTERED SPECTRAL PROPERTIES

Whitaker, S.; Herring, Peter J.; Campbell, Anthony K.; Hill, Philip J.; Rees, Catherine

doi:10.1142/9789812770196_0009

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“…To investigate BL, a strain of Photobacterium phosphoreum, with peak emission of 472 nm, isolated in the Indian Ocean was used. Bacteria were grown with shaking in instant ocean broth (instant ocean Aquarium systems, UK) 33 g/l, 5 g/l peptone, 3 g/l yeast extract; 22°C 200 rpm) until bioluminescence was induced [ 28 ]. Contrary to CL, it was not possible to encapsulate BL bacteria in the sealed FEP tube used for CL as they require oxygen to glow.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound-mediation of self-illuminating reporters improves imaging resolution in optically scattering media

Ahmad

Jayet

Hill

et al. 2018

Biomed. Opt. Express

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In vivo imaging of self-illuminating bio-and chemiluminescent reporters is used to observe the physiology of small animals. However, strong light scattering by biological tissues results in poor spatial resolution of the optical imaging, which also degrades the quantitative accuracy. To overcome this challenging problem, focused ultrasound is used to modulate the light from the reporter at the ultrasound frequency. This produces an ultrasound switchable light ‘beacon’ that reduces the influence of light scattering in order to improve spatial resolution. The experimental results demonstrate that apart from light modulation at the ultrasound frequency (AC signal at 3.5 MHz), ultrasound also increases the DC intensity of the reporters. This is shown to be due to a temperature rise caused by insonification that was minimized to be within acceptable mammalian tissue safety thresholds by adjusting the duty cycle of the ultrasound. Line scans of bio-and chemiluminescent objects embedded within a scattering medium were obtained using ultrasound modulated (AC) and ultrasound enhanced (DC) signals. Lateral resolution is improved by a factor of 12 and 7 respectively, as compared to conventional CCD imaging. Two chemiluminescent sources separated by ~10 mm at ~20 mm deep inside a 50 mm thick chicken breast have been successfully resolved with an average signal-to-noise ratio of approximately 8-10 dB.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%