Characterization of a cDNA sequence encoding the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha in the chicken

Abstract

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) belong to the superfamily of the nuclear hormone receptors that play an important role in lipid homeostasis. A partial complementary deoxyribonucleic acid clone encoding a PPAR alpha from chicken liver was isolated and sequenced. Comparison with human, mouse, rat, and Xenopus PPAR alpha cDNA indicates a high degree of homology, especially at the level of the inferred peptide sequence (greater than 90%). The tissue pattern of expression indicates that PPAR alpha expression in the chicken is similar to that reported in other species, i.e., high expression levels in the liver, heart, and kidney, but also occurs in the lipogenic uropygial gland specific to birds.

Periodic Cooling of Bird Eggs Reduces Embryonic Growth Efficiency

“…Oxidation of free fatty acids in peroxisomes produces heat that would easily dissipate from the egg and fewer ATP molecules than are produced from mitochondrial metabolism, as well as potentially damaging H 2 O 2 (Garrett and Grisham 1999). In birds, cellular increases in peroxisomes are induced by natural and synthetic proliferating agents, including fatty acids, hormones, and cold exposure (Beck et al 1992;Wahli et al 1995;Diot and Douaire 1999;Reddy and Hashimoto 2001). The degree to which peroxisomes play a role in lipid metabolism in avian embryos is not yet known, but investigation into these alternative metabolic pathways in embryos may be fruitful.…”

Effects of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Clofibrate on Chicken Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1 Gene Expression

“…Presence of chicken PPAR␣ mRNA in LMH cells has been recently demonstrated (34). In order to analyse the putative involvement of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) ␣ in the regulation of chicken SCD1 expression, transiently transfected LMH cells were incubated in the presence of clofibrate, a potent peroxisome proliferator (Figs.…”

Cloning of peroxisome proliferators activated receptors in the cobia (Rachycentron canadum) and their expression at different life-cycle stages under cage aquaculture

“…Three PPAR isotypes PPARα, PPARβ and PPARγ have been identified in rat (Braissant et al, 1996), birds (Diot and Douaire, 1999), amphibians (Dreyer et al, 1992) and fish (Leaver et al, 2005). Each isotype is a product of a separate gene and has a distinct tissue distribution.…”