Characterization of a biofilm and the pattern outlined by its growth on a granite-built cloister in the Monastery of San Martiño Pinario (Santiago de Compostela, NW Spain)

Sanmartín, Patricia; Villa, Federica; Cappitelli, Francesca; Balboa, Sabela; Carballeira, Rafael

doi:10.1016/j.ibiod.2019.104871

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…While SABs on stone heritage imply current or past interactions with the lithic substrates, their presence does not necessarily have a biodeteriorative role as is frequently thought [59][60][61]. A growing body of literature has reported SABs' neutral or even bioprotective effects on stones under certain conditions [62][63][64][65][66]. Such findings, combined with advances in biomineralization studies with indigenous carbonatogenic bacterial communities [67][68][69], have strengthened the concept of SAB-based protection as a sustainable strategy for stone heritage conservation [70,71].…”

Section: Natural Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sustainability of Rock Art: Preservation and Research

Zerboni

Villa

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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Rock art is a widespread cultural heritage, representing an immovable element of the material culture created on natural rocky supports. Paintings and petroglyphs can be found within caves and rock shelters or in open-air contexts and for that reason they are not isolated from the processes acting at the Earth surface. Consequently, rock art represents a sort of ecosystem because it is part of the complex and multidirectional interplay between the host rock, pigments, environmental parameters, and microbial communities. Such complexity results in several processes affecting rock art; some of them contribute to its destruction, others to its preservation. To understand the effects of such processes an interdisciplinary scientific approach is needed. In this contribution, we discuss the many processes acting at the rock interface—where rock art is present—and the multifaceted possibilities of scientific investigations—non-invasive or invasive—offered by the STEM disciplines. Finally, we suggest a sustainable approach to investigating rock art allowing to understand its production as well as its preservation and eventually suggest strategies to mitigate the risks threatening its stability.

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Section: Natural Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sustainability of Rock Art: Preservation and Research

Zerboni

Villa

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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“…However, not all colored biofilms are detrimental to the mineral substrates (Pinna 2014 , Gulotta et al 2018 ) and their removal may cause irreversible damage. As an iconic example, the processional cloister of the Monastery of San Martiño Pinario (Santiago de Compostela, Spain) was colonized by a green highly hydrophobic SAB that acted as a natural waterproofing agent for the building (Sanmartín et al 2020b ). This biofilm was mainly formed by Apatococcus lobatus (Chodat) J.B.Petersen (Chlorophyta), and it was proven to only have an aesthetic impact, without damaging or protecting the substrate.…”

Section: Pigmentation As a Reflection Of Sab Physiology And Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

In Living Color: Pigment-Based Microbial Ecology At the Mineral–Air Interface

Villa

Zerboni

et al. 2022

BioScience

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Pigment-based color is one of the most important phenotypic traits of biofilms at the mineral–air interface (subaerial biofilms, SABs), because it reflects the physiology of the microbial community. Because color is the hallmark of all SABs, we argue that pigment-based color could convey the mechanisms that drive microbial adaptation and coexistence across different terrestrial environments and link phenotypic traits to community fitness and ecological dynamics. Within this framework, we present the most relevant microbial pigments at the mineral–air interface and discuss some of the evolutionary landscapes that necessitate pigments as adaptive strategies for resource allocation and survivability. We report several pigment features that reflect SAB communities’ structure and function, as well as pigment ecology in the context of microbial life-history strategies and coexistence theory. Finally, we conclude the study of pigment-based ecology by presenting its potential application and some of the key challenges in the research.

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“…However, the finding of SABs on deteriorated stones does not always mean that they are responsible for the decay as is frequently thought (Favero-Longo and Viles, 2020;Liu et al, 2022). Remarkably, a growing number of studies have claimed that SABs on stones have a neutral and even a protective effect (Carter and Viles, 2005;Gulotta et al, 2018;Pinna, 2014;Sanmartín et al, 2020;Warscheid and Leisen, 2011). Some of the proposed protective mechanisms include the lowering of water level within the stone and the mitigation of the physical and chemical weathering (Bartoli et al, 2014;Cutler et al, 2013;Mottershead et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phototrophs, such as cyanobacteria, sustain chemoorganotrophs development by providing photosynthetically fixed carbon, exudates, and cell debris (Albertano, 2012;Gaylarde et al, 2017;Gulotta et al, 2018;Sanmartín et al, 2020). Chemoorganotrophs promote phototrophs growth by consuming oxygen, supplying key metabolites, and scavenging waste products (Villa and Cappitelli, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%