Characterization, kinetics and statistical screening analysis of gmelina seed oil extraction process

Abstract

The kinetics and optimization of oil extraction from gmelina seed was studied. The effect of various process variables such as temperature, time, volume of solvent, particle size, and their interaction on oil yield was investigated. A predictive model describing the oil yield in terms process variables was derived from multiple regression analysis. Optimum yield of 49.90 % was predicted at extraction temperature of 60°C, extraction time of 60 min, seed particle size of 150 lm and 150 ml volume of solvent, for the process. It was found that oil yield increased with increase in temperature, time and volume of solvent but decreased with increase in seed particle size. The extract was analyzed to examine its physico-chemical properties (acid value, iodine value, peroxide value, viscosity, saponification value, moisture and ash content, refractive index, smoke, flash and fire points, and specific gravity) and structural elucidation by standard methods and instrumental techniques. Results revealed that the oil is not edible but find potential in biodiesel production. The kinetic study showed that the extraction process follows a second order mechanism with a rate constant of 1.26 9 10 11 (dm 3 mol -1 ) 3 S -1 .

Acid Dye Removal from Aqueous Solution by Using Neodymium(III) Oxide Nanoadsorbents

“…However, many scientists also present isotherm models in linear expression. So, based on the ideal assumption of monolayer adsorption of adsorbate on the adsorbent surface, the Langmuir isotherm model is expressed in the linear form as follows [61]: (8) where the constants, qm, and K L were determined by plotting (C e /q e ) versus the equilibrium sorption, C e ( Figure 10) and the calculated Langmuir parameters are recorded in Table 5. The Freundlich adsorption isotherm model is expressed as [62]:…”

“…Therefore, wastewaters containing this type of dyes were highlighted as one of the most important threatening factors in environmental and public health [2,5]. Different studies have reported that there are several methods for removing dyes from textile wastewaters, including the application of photodecomposition [6], electrolysis [7,8], adsorption [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18], oxidation [19], biodegradation [20], combined sonochemical and adsorption [21], coagulation-flocculation [22,23], etc.…”

Rhodamine B dye sequestration using Gmelina aborea leaf powder

“…Gmelina aborea grows on various localities and most especially on moist fertile valley. Gmelina aborea is a rapid growing tree which attains moderate to large height up to 40 m and 140 cm in diameter [57]. It occurs naturally in major part of India at altitudes up to 1,500 m and naturally in Thailand, Cambodia, Myanmar, Vietnam, Laos and some China provinces.…”

“…It occurs naturally in major part of India at altitudes up to 1,500 m and naturally in Thailand, Cambodia, Myanmar, Vietnam, Laos and some China provinces. Due to rapid growth of Gmelina aborea majorly for log purposes, this plant is planted expansively in Nigeria, Sierra Leone and Malaysia [57]. The high rate of leaf wastes generated from Gmelina aborea litters the ground thus acidifying the soil at some point during its decay processes thereby preventing the invasion of another plant species.…”

Grape Pomace Extracts as Fermentation Medium for the Production of Potential Biopreservation Compounds

“…The process for the production of biopreservation compounds needs to be optimized for higher product yield and minimal cost of production. Optimization approaches such as response surface methodology (RSM) and Box-Behnken have been used previously [18,19,20]. However, based on the number of experimental runs required when developing suitable response surface models, the central composite design is the most preferred design with regard to response surface methodology [20,21,22].…”