Characterization, distribution, and ontogenesis of adenosine binding sites in cat visual cortex

Shaw, Christopher A.; Hall, SE; Cynader, Max S.

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.06-11-03218.1986

Cited by 19 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…In normal kittens of this age, a poorly resolved density in layers II-III is observed in area 17, but this concentration is not observed in the undercut zone. Instead, the densest binding of A r adenosine receptors is observed in layer VI, characteristic of much younger kittens (Shaw et al, 1986a). No effect of undercutting on A r adenosine receptors was noted in adult cats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Cortical sections were incubated for the various receptor populations as characterized and described in detail elsewhere: (1) muscarinic ACh receptors ([ 3 H] quinucli-dinyl benzilate (QNB)) (Shaw et al, 1984b); (2) nicotinic ACh receptors [ 3 H] nicotine (Prusky et al, 1987); (3) cholecystokinin receptors ([ 3 H] pentagastrin/CCK-5) (Shaw & Cynader, 1985); (4) 7-aminobutyric acid -GABA A receptors ([ 3 H] muscimol) (Shaw et al, 1984c); and (5) A,-adenosine receptors ([ 3 H] cyclohexyl adenosine (CHA)) (Shaw et al, 1986a). The labelled sections were apposed to LKB Ultrofilm to generate autoradiograms which were conventionally developed and fixed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pattern of redistribution varies from receptor to receptor, but several general features stand out: Mus-carinic acetylcholine (ACh) (Shaw et al, 1984b), cholecystokinin (Shaw & Cynader, 1985), j3-adrenergic (Shaw et al, 1986), and some opiate (Shaw et al, unpublished) receptors show an initial concentration in cortical layer IV and later an adult distribution emphasizing laminae I-III and VI. A r adenosine receptors and some binding sites labelled by [ 3 H] glutamate are initially found in laminae IV-VI, then become relatively evenly distributed in various cortical laminae before taking up a final adult distribution in laminae I-III, Va and/or VI (Shaw et al, 1986a;Shaw et al, 1986b). In contrast, other receptor populations show no change in laminar distribution during postnatal development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Surgical undercutting prevents receptor redistribution in developing kitten visual cortex

1988

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Recent studies have shown that several receptor populations in cat visual cortex undergo alterations in their laminar distributions during postnatal development (Shaw et al., 1984a, b; 1986b). These redistributions occur during the first few months of postnatal life, coincident with the physiologically defined critical period for cortical plasticity. In the present communication, we demonstrate that receptor redistributions can be prevented from occurring, or progressing once started, by surgically isolating the visual cortex at appropriate postnatal ages. These data suggest that the maturation of the chemical circuitry of the visual cortex is dependent on factors of extrinsic origin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Surgical undercutting prevents receptor redistribution in developing kitten visual cortex

1988

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“…In conflict with this interpretation, however, relatively few adenosine receptors have been discovered in layer N of the cat visual cortex throughout development (Aoki, 1985;Shaw et al, 1986). Therefore, further functional roles of synaptic 5'-nucleotidase, namely its nonenzymatic properties, should be considered.…”

Section: Functional Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytochemical Redistribution of 5′‐Nucleotidase in the Developing Cat Visual Cortex

Schoen

Kreutzberg

Singer

1993

Eur J of Neuroscience

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The adenosine-producing ectoenzyme 5'-nucleotidase has recently been shown to undergo a marked redistribution during development of the cat visual cortex and to be involved in the remodelling of ocular dominance columns (Schoen et al., J. Comp. Neurol., 296, 379-392, 1990). Using an enzyme-cytochemical technique, we now investigate the developmental redistribution of 5'-nucleotidase activity in area 17 of kittens at the ultrastructural level. Between postnatal days 35 and 42, when 5'-nucleotidase is concentrated in layer IV, enzyme reaction product occupies the clefts of asymmetrical synapses within the neuropil. During later development (9th and 13th postnatal weeks), when 5'-nucleotidase spreads over all cortical laminae, the enzyme disappears from its synaptic localization and becomes increasingly associated with astrocytic membranes. The transient appearance of 5'-nucleotidase at synapses parallels the time-course and laminar profile of the synaptic remodelling which takes place during the critical period of visual cortex development. This suggests that synapse-bound 5'-nucleotidase activity plays a role in synaptic malleability, whereas its later association with glial profiles is likely to reflect other functions of the enzyme.

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Heterogeneity of chandelier neurons in monkey neocortex: Corticotropin‐releasing factor‐and parvalbumin‐immunoreactive populations

Lewis

Lund

1990

J of Comparative Neurology

211

120

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Chandelier neurons are a unique subclass of cortical nonpyramidal neurons. The axons of these neurons terminate in distinctive vertically arrayed cartridges that synapse on the axon initial segment of pyramidal neurons. In this study, the rapid Golgi method and immunohistochemical techniques were used to characterize the morphology, regional distribution, laminar location, and biochemical content of chandelier neurons in the prefrontal and occipital cortices of three monkey species. As in our previous studies of visual areas V1 and V2 (Lund: Journal of Comparative Neurology 257:60-92, 1987; Lund et al.: Journal of Comparative Neurology 202:19-45, 1981, 276:1-29, 1988), Golgi impregnations of areas 46 and 9 of macaque prefrontal cortex show chandelier neurons to be present in layers 2 through superficial 5. The vertical arrays of terminal boutons (axon cartridges) typical of this neuron class are also present in layers 2-6 of the prefrontal cortex, but are not found in layer 1 or the subcortical white matter. In immunohistochemical studies, a calcium-binding protein, parvalbumin, and a neuropeptide, corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), identify rod-like structures that are morphologically similar to the axon cartridges of chandelier neurons seen in the Golgi material. In addition, both parvalbumin- and CRF-immunoreactive cartridges are located below the somata of unlabeled pyramidal neurons and appear to outline the axon initial segment of these neurons. However, we find that parvalbumin and CRF are present in only subpopulations of chandelier axon cartridges. For example, in adult primary visual cortex, parvalbumin-labeled cartridges are present in very low numbers only in layers 2-3, whereas in prefrontal and occipital association cortices these cartridges are a very prominent component of layers 2-superficial 3 and are present in much lower density in the deeper cortical layers. In contrast to these findings in adult macaque monkeys, prefrontal and occipital association cortices of infant macaque monkeys contain a very high density of parvalbumin-labeled cartridges in layer 4 and relatively few in the superficial cortical layers. Furthermore, in adult squirrel monkey prefrontal cortex, CRF-labeled cartridges are predominately present in layer 4, but these CRF-immunoreactive structures have not been observed in the homologous regions of infant or adult macaque monkeys. These findings indicate that even for neurons of such distinctive morphology and presumably constant functional role as chandelier neurons, factors such as regional and laminar location, age, and primate species are associated with differences in the biochemical content of subpopulations of these neurons.

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Characterization, distribution, and ontogenesis of adenosine binding sites in cat visual cortex

Cited by 19 publications

References 42 publications

Surgical undercutting prevents receptor redistribution in developing kitten visual cortex

Surgical undercutting prevents receptor redistribution in developing kitten visual cortex

Cytochemical Redistribution of 5′‐Nucleotidase in the Developing Cat Visual Cortex

Heterogeneity of chandelier neurons in monkey neocortex: Corticotropin‐releasing factor‐and parvalbumin‐immunoreactive populations

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