Characterization and virulence factors distribution of blaCTX-M and mcr-1 carrying Escherichia coli isolates from bovine mastitis

Abstract

Escherichia coli is considered as one of the critical pathogens causing contagious mastitis. The aim of the current study was to investigate the occurrence of ESBL and colistin resistant E. coli and its genotypic characterization and identification of virulence determinants in cases of bovine mastitis in Jiangsu Province, China. Five hundred and thirty-five (535) milk samples presenting mastitis symptoms were collected from three dairy farms. Susceptibility testing was identified by micro-dilution method. E. coli isolates were used to detect ESBL genes (blaCTX-M, blaSHV and blaTEM) as well as COL-resistant genes mcr-(1-9). Multiplex PCR approach was used for the detection of major CTX-M groups, different phylo-groups, and virulence genes. The clonal relationship of the isolates was then evaluated with MLST, MLSA and PFGE. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) was found in more than 85% of ESBL and/or COL resistant E. coli isolates. Genotypic characterization indicated a dominance of CTX-M-1 group, and the most prevalent alleles observed in this study were blaCTX-M-28 (38.37%), blaCTX-M-14 (17.44%), blaCTX-M-66 (13.95%), blaCTX-M-55 (10.46%), and blaCTX-M-69 (6.97%), blaCTX-M-15 (4.65%), blaCTX-M-177 (4.65%), and blaCTX-M-148 (3.48%). The results confirmed that group A was the most predominant group with 54.73%, followed by group B1 and B2 (24.21%, 10.52%) respectively. The targeted virulence genes were detected in 97.89% (n=93) isolates. All isolates belong to group A, B1, B2, C, D, and E showed the presence of virulence factors. Among virulent genes ompC, was detected in 97.89% (n=93) isolates followed by fimH in 61.05% (n=58), ECs3703 57.89% (n=55), ompF 50.52% (n=48). MLST and PFGE of the 22 E. coli isolates were determined for clonal relatedness and yielded clear fingerprint patterns. Majority of the E. coli isolates carrying ESBL and mcr-1 isolates were clonally unrelated. Sequence types 58 and ST410 were the most predominant comprising 2 each (2/20=20%).

ESBL Producing Escherichia coli in Faecal Sludge Treatment Plants: An Invisible Threat to Public Health in Rohingya Camps, Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh

“…Interestingly, in our study, 42% (75/180) contained bla TEM , while 2% (3/180) were positive for bla SHV . It has been reported before that genotypic characterization showed a dominance of the bla CTX − M −1 group similar to our study ( 71 ). E. coli strains expressing bla CTX − M −15 have arisen and spread around the world and are currently a major causative agent of hospital-acquired and community-onset urinary tract, and bloodstream infection in humans ( 72 , 73 ).…”

Incidence and molecular characterization of ESBL-producing and colistin-resistant Escherichia coli isolates recovered from healthy food-producing animals in Pakistan

“…We found that the isolates in our study were resistant to a range of antibiotics, including cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, while intermediate resistance was observed against colistin and polymyxin‐B. The MDR E. coli in the current study were 84%, which is nearly similar to our previous findings from cattle (85%) and chicken (83%) samples (Shafiq, Huang, Shah, Ali, et al, 2021; Shafiq, Huang, Shah, Wang, et al, 2021). All isolates were resistant to tetracycline and ampicillin, while over 50% to trimethoprim and gentamicin.…”

“…This study reported 62% and 58% of ESBL‐producing E. coli isolated from cattle and poultry, respectively, which is higher than the recent findings of ESBL‐producing Enterobacteriaceae recovered from faecal specimens of animals in Pakistan (Ejaz et al, 2021; Umair et al, 2019) and lower than our previously reported ESBL‐producing E. coli from bovine mastitis and chicken from China (Shafiq, Huang, Shah, Ali, et al, 2021; Shafiq, Huang, Shah, Wang, et al, 2021). The difference in isolation rate might be due to variation across populations in different regions, usage of antibiotics and size of the population.…”

“…Screening of ESBL‐encoding genes (namely bla CTX‐M , bla SHV and bla TEM ) and colistin‐resistant genes mcr (1–10) was performed by conventional PCR. All ESBL‐positive E. coli isolates were further analysed for the presence of common bla CTX‐M groups (namely bla CTX‐M‐1 , bla CTX‐M‐2 , bla CTX‐M‐9 and bla CTX‐M‐25 ), as defined previously (Shafiq, Huang, Shah, Wang, et al, 2021). The details of targeted genes, PCR conditions, the primers and the amplicon sizes (bp) used in this study are summarized in Table S1.…”

Epidemiology of blaCTX-M-Positive Salmonella Typhimurium From Diarrhoeal Outpatients in Guangdong, China, 2010–2017

“…To begin with, the coexistence of mcr-1 and bla CTX-M-55 was first reported in the literature from colistin-resistant clinical source E. coli isolates in Ecuador in 2016 (Ortega-Paredes et al, 2016). Next, the coexistence of mcr-1 and ESBL encoding genes (including bla CTX-M-55/14 ) has been found in Tunisian from chicken, in China from food animal (including pigs, cattle and chickens) and in France from human E. coli (Birgy et al, 2018;Hassen et al, 2020;Shafiq et al, 2021). The coexistence of mcr-1 and bla CTX-M in Salmonella isolates was mostly reported from food animal sources and found in Asian countries, including China, Cambodia and Laos (Ma et al, 2017;Lay et al, 2021).…”