Characterization and spatial distribution of heavy metals in sediment from Cedar and Ortega rivers subbasin

Ouyang, Ying; Higman, John; Thompson, Joshua A.; O'Toole, Tim; Campbell, Dean M.

doi:10.1016/s0169-7722(01)00162-0

Cited by 109 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Some metals like copper (Cu), cobalt (Co) and zinc (Zn) are essential for normal body growth and functions of living organisms and are referred to as essential elements. Other elements are referred to as non-essential, high concentrations of these metals like cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), and lead (Pb) are considered highly toxic to human and aquatic life (Ouyang et al, 2002). A certain amount of Cr for instance is needed for normal body functions; but at the same time high concentrations may cause toxic effect such as liver, kidney problems and genotoxic carcinogen (Knight et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health risk assessment of heavy metals in water, air, soil and fish

Koki¹,

Bayero²,

Umar³

et al. 2015

Afr. J. Pure Appl. Chem.

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The study and application of health risk assessment techniques are crucial in order to understand the risk of exposure to heavy metals and other harmful pollutants. It entails evaluating the risks of exposure at various concentrations and with reference to certain standard values approved by World Health Organization (WHO) and United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Investigation of water contamination with heavy metals has become the prime focus of environmental scientists in recent years. Effluent discharges into aquatic system affect living organisms within the receiving environment. The concentrations of these metals were mostly assessed at 50th, 75th and 95th percentile and various exposure evaluated. This review covers studies in water, air, soil and fish samples. Air risks assessment was not given the needed attention and children were more susceptible to the hazard than adult, especially lead toxicity, resulting in health complications. Heavy metals bio accumulates over time, and lethal upon exposure at low concentrations. This review will assist risk managers to minimize the exposure at optimum level as well as for the government to formulate policies in safe guarding the health of population.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health risk assessment of heavy metals in water, air, soil and fish

Koki¹,

Bayero²,

Umar³

et al. 2015

Afr. J. Pure Appl. Chem.

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“…Ouyang et al (2002) showed that Pb concentration decreased with depth in sediments of the Cedar River and Ortega River in Florida, USA, in a study to investigate the characteristics and 3D spatial distribution of heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Zn, and Cd).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional interpolation of soil data: fertility and pedomorphological features in southern Brazil

Piedade

Melo²,

Souza³

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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The graphical representation of spatial soil properties in a digital environment is complex because it requires a conversion of data collected in a discrete form onto a continuous surface. The objective of this study was to apply three-dimension techniques of interpolation and visualization on soil texture and fertility properties and establish relationships with pedogenetic factors and processes in a slope area. The GRASS Geographic Information System was used to generate three-dimensional models and ParaView software to visualize soil volumes. Samples of the A, AB, BA, and B horizons were collected in a regular 122-point grid in an area of 13 ha, in Pinhais, PR, in southern Brazil. Geoprocessing and graphic computing techniques were effective in identifying and delimiting soil volumes of distinct ranges of fertility properties confined within the soil matrix. Both three-dimensional interpolation and the visualization tool facilitated interpretation in a continuous space (volumes) of the cause-effect relationships between soil texture and fertility properties and pedological factors and processes, such as higher clay contents following the drainage lines of the area. The flattest part with more weathered soils (Oxisols) had the highest pH values and lower Al3+ concentrations. These techniques of data interpolation and visualization have great potential for use in diverse areas of soil science, such as identification of soil volumes occurring side-by-side but that exhibit different physical, chemical, and mineralogical conditions for plant root growth, and monitoring of plumes of organic and inorganic pollutants in soils and sediments, among other applications. The methodological details for interpolation and a three-dimensional view of soil data are presented here.

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“…These degradation of surface water quality resulted in altered species composition and decreased overall health of aquatic communities (Ouyang et al, 2002). Therefore, in view of the spatial and temporal variations in the physico-chemical, hydrological and biological attributes of surface water systems, regular monitoring programs are required for reliable estimates of the water quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%