Characterization and quantification of phenolic compounds of Argania spinosa leaves by HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS analyses and their antioxidant activity

Analytical Profiling of Bioactive Phenolic Compounds in Argan (Argania spinosa) Leaves by Combined Microextraction by Packed Sorbent (MEPS) and LC‐DAD‐MS/MS

“…For peak 10, UV spectra were obtained with a maximum at 350 nm and a shoulder at 255 nm, typical of quercetin derivatives; ESI‐MS showed a pseudomolecular ion [M‐H] − at m/z 447.36 and a daughter ion at m/z 301.38 in MS/MS corresponding to quercetin aglycone derived from the loss of neutral rhamnose fragment. Similar spectral characteristics have been previously observed (Romani et al , ; Joguet and Maugard, ), thus peak 10 ( t R 12.09 min) was tentatively identified as quercetin‐3‐ O ‐rhamnoside (quercitrin).…”

“…For peaks 6 ( t R = 7.84 min), 7 ( t R = 8.19 min) and 8 ( t R = 9.53 min), UV spectra with a maximum at 356 nm and a shoulder at 260 nm, typical of myricetin derivatives, was observed; ESI‐MS provided parent ions [M‐H] − at m/z 463.36, 479.41 and 449.39, respectively, while all three peaks presented a daughter ion at m/z 317.30 corresponding to myricetin aglycone, due to the loss of neutral rhamnose, glucose and pentose fragments, respectively. According to these features also observed in the literature (Barros et al , ; Joguet and Maugard, ), peaks 6, 7 and 8 were identified as myricetin‐3‐ O ‐rhamnoside (myricitrin), myricetin‐3‐ O ‐glucoside and myricetin‐ O ‐pentoside, respectively.…”

Argania spinosa var. mutica and var. apiculata: Variation of Fatty‐Acid Composition, Phenolic Content, and Antioxidant and α‐Amylase‐Inhibitory Activities among Varieties, Organs, and Development Stages

“…Thep ulp, containing ahigh amount of total phenols, was characterized by the highest antioxidant activity,w hen comparedw ith the other samples.A lso,i th as been shown that argan leaves exhibited ac onsiderable radical-scavenging activity [13]. However,t hese previous antioxidantactivities of leaf and pulp extracts were lower than those observed in our study.…”

“…Hence,i tisa ssumed that the published information about the phenolicc ontent and composition of argan plant parts concern the variety apiculata,w hich constitutes the most abundanta rgan varietyi nM orocco.Arecent study reported that EtOH extractsofA. spinosa leaves showed aconsiderable phenolic content (90mgo leuropein equivalents/g leaf) [ 13]. Moreover, Monfalouti et al [12] showed that pulps of argan fruits also displayed ahigh total phenolic content (75.8 mg GAE/g).…”

“…Therefore, the higher a-amylase-inhibitory effect of the leaf extracts of both argan varieties,when compared with those of the other extracts studied, mightbeattributed to thepresence of myricitrin (myricetin-3-O-rhamnoside)and hyperoside (quercetin-3-O-galactoside) as the most abundantf lavonoid compounds [3] [13]. Furthermore,i ts houldb et aken into consideration that enzyme inhibition mightbeattributedtothe chemicalstructure of compoundsaswell as to synergistic or antagonistic effects of compounds presentin the crudee xtract.…”