Characterization and PCR multiplexing of polymorphic microsatellite loci in cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) and their cross‐species utilization

Abstract

Cashew ( Anacardium occidentale L.) is the most economically important tropical nut crop in the world, and yet there are no sequence tagged site (STS) markers available for its study. Here we use an automated, high-throughput system to isolate cashew microsatellites from a non-enriched genomic library blotted onto membranes at high density for screening. Sixty-five sequences contained a microsatellite array, of which 21 proved polymorphic among a closely related seed garden population of 49 genotypes. Twelve markers were suitable for multiplex analysis. Of these, 10 amplified in all three related tropical tree species tested: Anacardium microcarpum , Anacardium pumilum and Anacardium nanum .

Genetic Diversity of Nigerian Cashew Germplasm

“…In collaboration with the Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Germany, one hundred and eighty-seven (187) cashew accessions from different populations are being evaluated using 10 simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers (Croxford et al, 2006) (Table 5 ). An overview of the phenogram derived from the molecular data showed that eight (8) of the ten (10) microsatellite loci except, mAoR2 and mAoR47 were polymorphic (Fig.…”

Transferability and characterization of simple sequence repeat markers from Anacardium occidentale to A. humile (Anacardiaceae)

“…Furthermore, none of the pairs of loci showed linkage disequilibrium in A. humile. However, the transferred microsatellite markers are suitable for studies of kinship, in accordance with the results observed in A. occidentale, in which all loci showed independent behavior (Croxford et al, 2006). Collevatti et al (1999) have suggested that the high combined probability of paternity exclusion (0.99) found for SSR markers developed for Caryocar brasiliense enables detailed studies of kinship in natural populations, even without a priori knowledge of maternity and paternity of the individuals.…”

“…This maximum number was found at locus mAoR17 (Croxford et al, 2006), which showed 4 alleles in A. humile. However, among the other markers analyzed in this study, the number of alleles per locus was higher in A. humile than in A. occidentale.…”

“…However, among the other markers analyzed in this study, the number of alleles per locus was higher in A. humile than in A. occidentale. Croxford et al (2006) suggested that the close genetic relationship of the sampled trees resulted in the limited number of alleles detected in A. occidentale. A greater number of alleles was detected for B. sapida in natural populations than in planted populations, and the level of heterozygosity was also lower in the planted populations (Ekué et al, 2009).…”

“…The amplification of 11 SSR loci, previously developed for A. occidentale (Croxford et al, 2006) (Table 1), was analyzed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in A. humile. The PCRs were performed using a final volume of 15 μL containing 1X buffer (10 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.4, and 50 mM KCl), 0.7 μM of each pair of primers, 0.25 mM dNTPs, 1 U Taq DNA polymerase, 0.25 mg bovine serum albumin, the optimal concentrations of MgCl 2 (mM) and formamide (%) for each pair of primers, and 9 ng DNA.…”