Characterization and pathogenicity assessment of gut-associated microbes of muga silkworm Antheraea assamensis Helfer (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)

Haloi, Kishor; Kalita, Moni Kankana; Nath, Ramesh; Devi, Dipali

doi:10.1016/j.jip.2016.06.006

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In their work, the different spore concentrations of B. laterosporus significantly influenced the larval development time and pupal weight of M. domestica at different levels. In addition, consistent with previous studies on P. xyllotella and Antheraea assamensis , the additive effect of candidate entomopahogen ( P. cedrina ) + B. thuringiensis was detected, which gave us a new insight into the application of these opportunistic entomopathogens (Nian et al, ; Haloi, Kalita, Nath, & Devi, ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Isolation and characterization of Pseudomonas cedrina infecting Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

Liu

Lin

Kang

et al. 2019

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, is one of the most destructive pests worldwide and its management relies exclusively on frequent application of chemical insecticides. Resistance to common insecticides is now widespread, and novel classes of insecticides are needed.Entomopathogenic bacteria and their related products play an important role in the management of this pest.In the present work, one bacterial strain was separated from infected pupae of P. xylostella collected from field and its pathogenicity was evaluated. On the basis of the 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing, BLASTN, and phylogenetic analysis, this bacterial isolate was identified as Pseudomonas cedrina. Oral administration of P. cedrina at levels above 10,000 CFU/ml gave significant mortality to P. xylostella larvae. The pathogenicity was also observed by reduced longevity and fecundity in adult females. However, when live bacterial cells were removed, the cultured broth lost any pathogenicity. In response to the bacterial infection, P. xylostella expressed antimicrobial and stress-associated genes. A mixture treatment of P. cedrina and Bacillus thuringiensis showed an additive effect on larval mortality of P. xylostella. These results indicated that P. cedrina is an opportunistic entomopathogen without secretion of toxins. Furthermore, the additive effect of P. cedrina and B. thuringiensis provide a new insight to develop new strategy for controlling P. xylostella. K E Y W O R D S additive effect, opportunistic pathogen, Plutella xylostella, Pseudomonas cedrina

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Isolation and characterization of Pseudomonas cedrina infecting Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

Liu

Lin

Kang

et al. 2019

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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“…This effect, also observed in livestock (60), might reflect microbial parasitism occurring in even apparently healthy caterpillars, and/or costly immune responses to the presence of pathogens (61). Aside from known leaf-specialists, some of the most frequently detected bacterial genera in this study (Table S2), including Acinetobacter , Clostridium , Enterobacter , Enterococcus , Escherichia , and Staphylococcus , have been reported to cause disease in caterpillars under some circumstances (37, 47, 62, 63).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…In Colorado and Costa Rica, we sampled leaf-associated bacteria from the same plant individuals consumed by the sampled caterpillars to examine whether leaves are a potential source of these taxa. Of the aforementioned phylotypes, all but Staphylococcus —a potential caterpillar pathogen (47) or, like Corynebacterium , a transient from human skin (48)—are also among the ten most common phylotypes found in leaf samples (Table S2). Across caterpillar individuals, a median 89.6% (interquartile range: 80.2–99.0%) of fecal bacterial sequences belonged to phylotypes detected on leaves.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caterpillars lack a resident gut microbiome

Hammer¹,

Janzen²,

Hallwachs³

et al. 2017

Preprint

107

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Many animals are inhabited by microbial symbionts that influence their hosts’ development, physiology, ecological interactions, and evolutionary diversification. However, firm evidence for the existence and functional importance of resident microbiomes in larval Lepidoptera (caterpillars) is lacking, despite the fact that these insects are enormously diverse, major agricultural pests, and dominant herbivores in many ecosystems. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and quantitative PCR, we characterized the gut microbiomes of wild leaf-feeding caterpillars in the United States and Costa Rica, representing 124 species from 16 families. Compared with other insects and vertebrates assayed using the same methods, the microbes we detected in caterpillar guts were unusually low-density and highly variable among individuals. Furthermore, the abundance and composition of leaf-associated microbes were reflected in the feces of caterpillars consuming the same plants. Thus, microbes ingested with food are present (though possibly dead or dormant) in the caterpillar gut, but host-specific, resident symbionts are largely absent. To test whether transient microbes might still contribute to feeding and development, we conducted an experiment on field-collected caterpillars of the model species Manduca sexta. Antibiotic suppression of gut bacterial activity did not significantly affect caterpillar weight gain, development, or survival. The high pH, simple gut structure, and fast transit times that typify caterpillar digestive physiology may prevent microbial colonization. Moreover, host-encoded digestive and detoxification mechanisms likely render microbes unnecessary for caterpillar herbivory. Caterpillars illustrate the potential ecological and evolutionary benefits of independence from symbionts, a lifestyle which may be widespread among animals.

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“…This effect might reflect microbial parasitism occurring in even apparently healthy caterpillars, or costly immune responses to the presence of pathogens (58). Aside from known leaf specialists, many of the most frequently detected bacterial genera in this study (SI Appendix, Table S2) have been reported to cause disease in caterpillars (36,46,59,60). Additionally, even normally transient gut microbes can negatively affect caterpillars under certain circumstances, such as after ingestion of insecticidal toxins (61), and thus may be important to understanding caterpillar herbivory and pest management.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Caterpillars lack a resident gut microbiome

Hammer

Janzen

Hallwachs

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

361

343

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Many animals are inhabited by microbial symbionts that influence their hosts’ development, physiology, ecological interactions, and evolutionary diversification. However, firm evidence for the existence and functional importance of resident microbiomes in larval Lepidoptera (caterpillars) is lacking, despite the fact that these insects are enormously diverse, major agricultural pests, and dominant herbivores in many ecosystems. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and quantitative PCR, we characterized the gut microbiomes of wild leaf-feeding caterpillars in the United States and Costa Rica, representing 124 species from 15 families. Compared with other insects and vertebrates assayed using the same methods, the microbes that we detected in caterpillar guts were unusually low-density and variable among individuals. Furthermore, the abundance and composition of leaf-associated microbes were reflected in the feces of caterpillars consuming the same plants. Thus, microbes ingested with food are present (although possibly dead or dormant) in the caterpillar gut, but host-specific, resident symbionts are largely absent. To test whether transient microbes might still contribute to feeding and development, we conducted an experiment on field-collected caterpillars of the model species Manduca sexta. Antibiotic suppression of gut bacterial activity did not significantly affect caterpillar weight gain, development, or survival. The high pH, simple gut structure, and fast transit times that typify caterpillar digestive physiology may prevent microbial colonization. Moreover, host-encoded digestive and detoxification mechanisms likely render microbes unnecessary for caterpillar herbivory. Caterpillars illustrate the potential ecological and evolutionary benefits of independence from symbionts, a lifestyle that may be widespread among animals.

show abstract

Characterization and pathogenicity assessment of gut-associated microbes of muga silkworm Antheraea assamensis Helfer (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)

Cited by 21 publications

References 48 publications

Isolation and characterization of Pseudomonas cedrina infecting Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

Isolation and characterization of Pseudomonas cedrina infecting Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

Caterpillars lack a resident gut microbiome

Caterpillars lack a resident gut microbiome

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