Characterization and in vivo evaluation of chitosan‐hydroxyapatite bone scaffolds made by one step coprecipitation method

Abstract

Chitosan/hydroxyapatite scaffolds could be used for bone regeneration in case the application of auto- or allografts is impossible. The objective of the present work was to characterize and study in vivo biodegradation of simple chitosan/hydroxyapatite scaffolds. For this purpose, a series of chitosan/hydroxyapatite composites has been synthesized in aqueous medium from chitosan solution and soluble precursor salts by a one step coprecipitation method. A study of in vivo behavior of the materials was then performed using model linear rats. Cylindrical-shaped rods made of the chitosan/hydroxyapatite composite material were implanted into tibial bones of the rats. After 5, 10, 15, and 24 days of implantation, histological and histo-morphometric analyses of decalcified specimens were performed to evaluate the stages of biodegradation processes. Calcified specimens were examined by scanning electron microscopy with X-ray microanalysis to compare elemental composition and morphological characteristics of the implant and the bone during integration. Porous chitosan/hydroxyapatite scaffolds have shown osteoconductive properties and have been replaced in the in vivo experiments by newly formed bone tissue.

Chitosan composites with nanohydroxyapatite prepared by wet chemical reaction along with microwave irradiation: permeability and swelling aspects

“…This shift is believed to be due to the interfacial bonding between the polymer matrix and the filler material. Similar results were reported by other researchers recently [56][57][58]. Simultaneously, the crystalline peak of the CS at 2h 5 20.8 has shifted to 21.6, whereas, another crystalline peak around 2h 5 10.5 has disappeared in the composites.…”

Histomorphometry of bone regeneration obtained with liposome-chitosan membrane system in an experimental model

“…Esto concuerda (28) con lo expresado por Danilchenko y col. en 2011 , quienes concluyen que los andamios de quitosano demostraron buenas propiedades osteoinductivas y que dichos andamios pueden usarse como sustitutos de tejido óseo. Sin embargo, es necesario diferir un poco de la opinión de estos autores pues el biomaterial no es un sustituto, más si constituye una matriz para rellenar provisionalmente el defecto y aminorar la tensión mecánica que el defecto óseo ocasiona en el área circundante al él, porque en condiciones de disolución de continuidad, el hueso es frágil y tardará en formar un tejido fibroelástico provisional para promover su reparación y con ello reponer su funcionalidad.…”

In vitro degradation of three-dimensional chitosan/apatite composite rods prepared via in situ precipitation

“…Hydroxyapatite (HA, Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ), possessing an analogous ingredient of the principal calcium inorganic salts in bone, releases merely calcium and phosphate while decomposing [14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. HA particles have been incorporated into CHI matrices to improve their mechanical and biological properties [21,22].…”