Characterization and Evaluation of Triamcinolone, Raloxifene, and Their Dual-Loaded Microspheres as Prospective Local Treatment System in Rheumatic Rat Joints

Drug/bioactive eluting chitosan composite foams for osteochondral tissue engineering

“…A solution of SF denaturant was prepared by dissolution of anhydrous calcium chloride (111 g, 1 mole) in distilled water (144 g, 144 mL, 8 moles), and to this solution ethanol (92.1 g, 116.8 mL, 2 moles) was added; 50 mL of this solution was used to dissolve 15 g of SF by stirring at 80°C for 1 hr., followed by filtration over a glass frit and dialysis (MWCO 12kDa) against concentrated PEG solution for 48 hrs., in accordance with the literature [70]. Optionally both the CS and SF solutions were mixed as required and crosslinking was induced as a result of hydrogen bonding by the addition of HPMC, along with: unloaded TA, TA loaded polycaprolactone microspheres (prepared according to a reported literature protocol for providing prolong release of the drug from scaffolds [71], drug loading in polycaprolactone microspheres was determined by UV-vis spectroscopy, and observed to be 28% by weight; on the basis of this data, the microspheres were added to the scaffolds (i.e., 5% drug and 18% PCL by weight; sample B3 in Table 1)) and/or TGF-β1; the slurries were transferred into molds and stored overnight at -40°C prior to lyophilization for 48h to obtain the porous composite tissue scaffolds. The precise compositions of the biomaterials in their dry state are shown in Table 1.…”

Raloxifene-/raloxifene-poly(ethylene glycol) conjugate-loaded microspheres: A novel strategy for drug delivery to bone forming cells

“…Furthermore, total amount of Ral consumed can be decreased since lower dose of the drug will be sufficient in comparison to the free drug. In recent years, researches on Ral delivery systems have been increasing (Bikiaris et al, 2009;Babanejad et al, 2014;Prakash et al, 2014;Park et al, 2009;Öcal et al, 2014).…”