Characterization and Comparative Durability Study of Glass/Vinylester, Basalt/Vinylester, and Basalt/Epoxy FRP Bars

Benmokrane, Brahim; Elgabbas, Fareed; Ahmed, Ehab A.; Cousin, Patrice

doi:10.1061/(asce)cc.1943-5614.0000564

Cited by 157 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…e most commonly used glass and matrix materials were E-glass and vinylester, with 90 and 74% of the conducted research having used this fiber and matrix, respectively, as shown in Figure 2. Epoxy, on the other hand, has been only recently employed as the resin of GFRP reinforcing bars, with 14% of published work having explored its combination with E-glass [8,10,11,23,41,42]. e diameter has also been varied between 8 and 44.5 mm, with the majority being approximately 12 mm.…”

Section: Physical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure Characteristics of GFRP Reinforcing Bars in Harsh Environment

El-Hassan¹,

El‐Maaddawy²

2019

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have been suggested as corrosion-resistant alternatives to traditional steel reinforcement in concrete structures. Within this family of composites, glass fiber reinforced polymers (GFRPs) have been gaining momentum as the primary selection of FRP for construction applications. Despite being advantageous, its wide adoption by the industry has been hindered due to the degradation of its performance in severe environmental conditions. As such, significant studies have been carried out to assess the mechanical properties of GFRP bars subject to different conditioning schemes. However, the inconsistencies and wide variations of results called for more in-depth microstructure evaluation. Accordingly, this paper presents a critical review of existing research on the microstructure of GFRP reinforcing bars exposed to various conditioning regimes. The review analysis revealed that sustained load limits set by codes and standards were satisfactory for nonaggressive environment conditions but should be updated to include different conditioning regimes. It was also found that conditioning in alkaline solutions was more severe than concrete and mortars, where test specimens experienced irreversible chemical degradation, more hydroxyl group formation, and more intense degradation to the microstructure. The progression of hydrolysis was reported correlatively through an increase in hydroxyl groups and a decrease in the glass transition temperature. While moisture uptake was the primary instigator of hydrolysis, restricting it to 1.6% could limit the reduction in tensile strength to 15%. Further, the paper identifies research gaps in the existing knowledge and highlights directions for future research.

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Section: Physical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure Characteristics of GFRP Reinforcing Bars in Harsh Environment

El-Hassan¹,

El‐Maaddawy²

2019

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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“…However, during the cyclic loading, there is slipping of the bar in the anchor, which can be in the order of millimetres, [1]. Concrete blocks for reinforcement anchoring were used in experiments by Adimi [3], Rahman [4] and Benmokrane [5]. The length of the end (anchorage) blocks must secure anchorage of samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the level and nature of the load, an important factor that potentially negatively affects the long-term characteristics of the composite material is the alkaline environment, the humidity and the temperature, which generally reduce the tensile strength of FRP reinforcement [5,6]. Even with relatively small displacements in the contact of reinforcement and concrete during cyclic loading, the surface treatment and outer layer of the matrix are impaired due to abrasions from sharp edges of concrete aggregate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fatigue Behaviour of GFRP Bars - Experimental Study

Januš¹,

Girgle²,

Rozsypalová³

et al. 2019

APP

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The paper describes an experimental program for studying the fatigue performance of GFRP bars, which has been initiated by the authors. Two different test configurations were used to assess the fatigue behaviour. The bare specimens were tested within the first series. A modified gripping system was used to reduce eccentricity when the bar was not directly fixed. However, the boundary conditions seem to affect the results. The second series consisted of a set of specimens of bars embedded in concrete. This configuration seems appropriate for determination of fatigue life of GFRP bars. Two S-N curves for bare bars and bars embedded in concrete were created and compared. Significant reduction of interlaminar shear strength at the beginning of fatigue loading proved matrix or fibre/matrix interface damage.

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“…Most of the glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars available are manufactured with E or ECR glass fibers that are normally wetted with a thermosetting resin such as epoxy or vinyl ester. Numerous studies have investigated FRP bars made with vinyl-ester resin to determine the effect of environmental conditions (water, salts, alkalis) on their physical and mechanical properties (Mouritz et al 2004;Wang 2005;Zou et al 2008;Robert et al 2009;Robert and Benmokrane 2013;Benmokrane et al 2014Benmokrane et al , 2015Benmokrane et al , 2016bBenmokrane et al , 2016c. Similarly, Soles et al (1998); Amaro et al 2013;Ali et al 2015; are some of the numerous researchers who have investigated the durability performance of FRP bars made with epoxy resins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%