Characterization and classification of one new cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) line based on morphological, cytological and molecular markers in non-heading Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L.)

Abstract

A new non-heading Chinese cabbage CMS line M119A was characterized and specific molecular markers were developed to classify different CMS types. One new non-heading Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L.) cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) line M119A was obtained by interspecific crosses between the recently discovered hau CMS line of Brassica juncea and B. rapa. Furthermore, the line was characterized and compared with other five isonuclear-alloplasmic CMS lines. The M119A line produced six stamens without pollen and only two stamen fused together in fewer flowers. Tissue section indicated that anther abortion in M119A may have occurred during differentiation of the archesporial cells without pollen sac. All the six CMS lines were grouped into three types based on the presence of three PCR fragments of 825, 465 and 772 bp amplified with different mitochondrial genes specific primers. The 825-bp fragment was amplified both in 09-10A and H201A using the specific primer pair P-orf224-atp6, and showed 100 % identity with the mitochondrial gene of pol CMS. The 465-bp fragment was amplified in 30A and 105A using the primer pair P-orf138 and shared 100 % identity with the mitochondrial gene of ogu CMS. The 772-bp fragment was amplified in M119A and H203A using the primer pair P-orf288 and showed 100 % identity with the mitochondrial gene of hau CMS. Therefore, these markers could efficiently distinguish different types of isonuclear-alloplasmic CMS lines of non-heading Chinese cabbage, which were useful for improving the efficiency of cross-breeding and heterosis utilization in cruciferous vegetables.

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Candidate Genes Associated with Leaf Etiolation of a Cytoplasmic Male Sterility Line in Chinese Cabbage (Brassica Rapa L. ssp. Pekinensis)

“…This crop is very rich in germplasm resources, and commercial producers currently have year-round production. Because Chinese cabbage is a cross-pollination crop with strong heterosis, the current cultivars are almost all F 1 hybrids [ 1 ]. Self-incompatibility and male sterility are effective means to exploit heterosis in cruciferous vegetables; cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is one of the most widely used systems [ 2 ].…”

Detection of the Diversity of Cytoplasmic Male Sterility Sources in Broccoli (Brassica Oleracea var. Italica) Using Mitochondrial Markers

“…Complete mitochondrial genomes of Arabidopsis thaliana, B. napus ( nap and pol ), B. rapa ( cam ), B. oleracea, B. juncea , and B. carinata have been determined (Unseld et al, 1997 ; Handa, 2003 ; Chang et al, 2011 ; Chen et al, 2011 ; Heng et al, 2014 ), with the increasing number of mitochondrial nucleotide sequences, many mitochondrial markers have been developed to identify CMS types in B. juncea (Ashutosh et al, 2005 ; Wan et al, 2008 ; Yu et al, 2014 ), B. napus (Wei et al, 2005 ; Wan et al, 2008 ), B. oleracea (Li et al, 2009 ; Zhang et al, 2010 , 2011 ; Wang et al, 2012 ), B. oleracea var. italica (Jing et al, 2015 ), and B. rapa (Zhang et al, 2007 ; Shi et al, 2012 ; Heng et al, 2015 ). The markers have also been used to analyze genetic diversity in varieties of B. napus (Handa, 2007 ; Zhao et al, 2010 ) and B. rapa (Zhang et al, 2013 ), and to differentiate between somatic hybrids of B. juncea and B. oleracea (Lian et al, 2011 ).…”

Production of a desirable Brassica oleraceaCMS line using an alloplasmic B. rapaCMS line carrying Diplotaxis erucoides cytoplasm as a bridge plant

“…Here, the B. oleracea De ‐CMS lines demonstrated a pollenless CMS phenotype, in contrast to the B. juncea De ‐CMS lines. In the case of the hau CMS which was originally found as a spontaneous male sterile mutant in B. juncea (Wan et al., ), the anther abortion process varies under different nuclear backgrounds (Heng et al., ). It is possible that non‐cleavage of the bicistronic ( orf108‐atp1 ) transcript takes place in the pollenless B. oleracea De ‐CMS lines as well as in the B. juncea De ‐CMS lines.…”