Characteristics of submicron particles coming from a big firecrackers burning event: Implications to atmospheric pollution

Rastogi, Neeraj; Singh, Atinderpal; Satish, Rangu

doi:10.1016/j.apr.2018.11.002

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…It is relevant to state that Diwali is a festival of lights celebrated during autumn, and is also marked by a massive burning of fireworks across India. 40 However, the highest value of PM 2.5 mass concentration (503 μg m −3 ) in the individual sample was associated with the intense burning period. The characteristic K + /EC ratio was highest during the Diwali period, as expected because fireworks have been reported to emit K + in substantial quantity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The Diwali period was observed to be loaded with ∼2.2 and ∼1.3 times higher average PM 2.5 mass as compared to pre- and post-intense burning and intense burning periods, respectively (Figure a). It is relevant to state that Diwali is a festival of lights celebrated during autumn, and is also marked by a massive burning of fireworks across India . However, the highest value of PM 2.5 mass concentration (503 μg m –3 ) in the individual sample was associated with the intense burning period.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Remarkably High Oxidative Potential of Atmospheric PM_2.5 Coming from a Large-Scale Paddy-Residue Burning over the Northwestern Indo-Gangetic Plain

Patel

Satish

Rastogi

2021

ACS Earth Space Chem.

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High PM2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter 2.5 μm or less) concentrations are known to cause severe chronic cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. The present study assesses the dithiothreitol (DTT)-based oxidative potential (OP) measured on PM2.5 filters extracted with a mixture of water and methanol. PM2.5 samples were collected during paddy-residue burning that occurs every year in the northwest Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) during October–November. The entire study period was classified into four categories: pre-intense burning, Diwali, intense burning, and post-intense burning. On average, the PM2.5 mass concentrations were 154 ± 59, 340 ± 74, 271 ± 122, and 156 ± 19 μg m–3; volume-normalized OP (OPV) values were 7.6 ± 2.8, 9.4 ± 1.1, 14 ± 5.1, and 12 ± 1.9 nmol DTT min–1 m–3; and mass-normalized OP (OPM) values were 51 ± 18, 29 ± 7, 55 ± 12, and 78 ± 9 pmol DTT min–1 μg–1 during pre-intense burning, Diwali, intense burning, and post-intense burning periods, respectively. The intense burning period was associated with a relatively high mass fraction of organic aerosols compared to Diwali that was associated with a relatively higher fraction of inorganic aerosols. It likely caused higher OPV during the intense burning period compared to Diwali, which highlights the role of chemical composition in PM2.5 OP. The observed OPV value during the intense burning period is the globally highest reported value (average 14 nmol DTT min–1 m–3). Biomass burning markers, such as organic carbon/elemental carbon (OC/EC) and K+/EC, correlated significantly with OPV during the intense burning period, attesting the effect of burning emissions on the observed OP. The relationship of OPOC (ratio of OPV and OC mass concentration) with specific brown carbon chromophores during the post-intense burning period indicates the plausible link between atmospheric aging of redox-active organic aerosols and their optical properties. Development of a mitigation strategy for such high DTT-active PM2.5 is important to avoid a wide array of possible health effects on the inhabitants of the study and downwind regions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Remarkably High Oxidative Potential of Atmospheric PM_2.5 Coming from a Large-Scale Paddy-Residue Burning over the Northwestern Indo-Gangetic Plain

Patel

Satish

Rastogi

2021

ACS Earth Space Chem.

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“…The toxicological studies of airborne particulates have shown that long-term exposure to airborne particulates give promotion to cardiopulmonary, lung cancer mortality and coronary heart diseases (Rosenlund et al 2008;Heinrich et al 2013). In addition to this, Rastogi et al (2019) observed an impact of firecracker on the chemical composition of ambient aerosol over Ahmedabad and contribution of organic aerosols was reported to be maximum (85%) to a particle size \1 lm. Several studies conducted throughout India during the Diwali period reported an increase in the concentration of black carbon (BC) (Babu and Moorthy 2001 and references therein).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Short-term perturbation in aerosol characteristics over Northwestern India: A case study during Diwali festival

Bansal

Singh

2019

J Earth Syst Sci

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The present study examines the effect of Diwali festival (17-21 October 2017; 19th October was the Diwali day) on aerosol characteristics over Patiala, northwestern part of India. Diwali being one of the major festivals of India that falls between mid-October and mid-November is celebrated with full enthusiasm by burning crackers, fireworks, etc. During this period, the study site also is engulfed with high aerosol loading because of extensive paddy residue burning emission. During Diwali event, a particulate matter (PM 10) concentration varies from 132 to 155 lg m À3 , while a mass concentration of black carbon aerosols varies from 6 to 9 lg m À3 with the maximum concentration on post-Diwali day. Aerosol optical depth (AOD 500) was maximum (0.852) on post-Diwali day indicating the additional loading of submicron particles due to burning of crackers and fireworks. The magnitude of single scattering albedo (SSA 500) decreases to a minimum value around 0.864 showing abundance of absorbing aerosols on Diwali affected days (19th and 20th October). A sudden jump of +12.9 W m À2 in atmospheric radiative forcing resulting in a heating rate of up to 1.4 K day À1 on next day of Diwali shows the warming state of the lower and middle atmosphere.

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“…This festival is celebrated on a particular date either in the month of October or November based on the Indian Vedic Calendar. However, worsening of air quality on Diwali festival due to bursting of firecrackers (FC) is one of the major concerns raised by many researchers (Singh et al, 2010;Joshi et al, 2016;Ambade, 2018;Izhar et al, 2018;Rastogi et al, 2019). It is worthwhile mentioning that unlike in the western and southern parts of India, the air quality in northern part of India worsens during October-November due to additional input of pollutants from the long-range transport of biomass burning emissions (LRT-BB) (Rajput et al, 2011(Rajput et al, , 2016Kaskaoutis et al, 2014;Jethva et al, 2019;Sharma et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source Contribution of Firecrackers Burst vs. Long-Range Transport of Biomass Burning Emissions Over an Urban Background

Rajput

Singh

Biswas

et al. 2021

Front. Sustain. Cities

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This study reports on the high-resolution data set of ground-level O3, surface-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (SB-PAHs), and particle's number concentrations (range: 10 to 1,000 nm, referred to as condensation nucleus concentration: CNC) during a Diwali festival campaign (conducted from 08th to 16th Nov.2015) at Kanpur location. In this study, we have made an attempt to assess the change in atmospheric composition and chemistry (based on SB-PAHs, O3, and CNC) during Diwali festival (11th Nov.) and compared the results with pre-Diwali (08th−10th Nov.) and post-Diwali (12th−16th Nov.) scenarios. The wind pattern and cluster analysis have revealed a quite similar feature that from 10th to 16th of November the prevailed winds were north-westerly (NW). It is noteworthy that NW-winds during post-monsoon season (Oct–Nov) favors the long-range transport of biomass burning emissions (LRT-BB) from its source region in upwind Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP). The influence of LRT-BB emissions at the receptor site during Diwali and post-Diwali period was reflected by the substantial increase in average concentrations of PM2.5, O3 and CNC (difference has been ascertained from a two-tailed t-test). The Lenshchow-type analysis revealed that the firecrackers (FC) burst and LRT-BB emissions have lead to increase the concentrations of CNC by 54% and 86%, respectively over the urban background level. On the other hand, the FC burst and LRT-BB increased the concentrations of O3 by 12% and 31% (over the urban background), respectively. Lenschow-type analysis revealed that FC burst and LRT-BB increased the daily PM2.5 concentration by 11% and 36%, respectively over its urban background level (286 μg m−3). However, the SB-PAHs concentrations were found to be decreased by 6% and 2%, respectively, during the FC burst activity and LRT-BB emissions. Based on the observations pertaining to the decrease in SB-PAHs concentrations from the Lenschow-type analysis and anti-correlation between SB-PAHs and O3 the heterogeneous-phase chemical reactivity and loss of SB-PAHs has been inferred in this study.

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Characteristics of submicron particles coming from a big firecrackers burning event: Implications to atmospheric pollution

Cited by 24 publications

References 32 publications

Remarkably High Oxidative Potential of Atmospheric PM_2.5 Coming from a Large-Scale Paddy-Residue Burning over the Northwestern Indo-Gangetic Plain

Remarkably High Oxidative Potential of Atmospheric PM_2.5 Coming from a Large-Scale Paddy-Residue Burning over the Northwestern Indo-Gangetic Plain

Short-term perturbation in aerosol characteristics over Northwestern India: A case study during Diwali festival

Source Contribution of Firecrackers Burst vs. Long-Range Transport of Biomass Burning Emissions Over an Urban Background

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Characteristics of submicron particles coming from a big firecrackers burning event: Implications to atmospheric pollution

Cited by 24 publications

References 32 publications

Remarkably High Oxidative Potential of Atmospheric PM2.5 Coming from a Large-Scale Paddy-Residue Burning over the Northwestern Indo-Gangetic Plain

Remarkably High Oxidative Potential of Atmospheric PM2.5 Coming from a Large-Scale Paddy-Residue Burning over the Northwestern Indo-Gangetic Plain

Short-term perturbation in aerosol characteristics over Northwestern India: A case study during Diwali festival

Source Contribution of Firecrackers Burst vs. Long-Range Transport of Biomass Burning Emissions Over an Urban Background

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Remarkably High Oxidative Potential of Atmospheric PM_2.5 Coming from a Large-Scale Paddy-Residue Burning over the Northwestern Indo-Gangetic Plain

Remarkably High Oxidative Potential of Atmospheric PM_2.5 Coming from a Large-Scale Paddy-Residue Burning over the Northwestern Indo-Gangetic Plain