Characteristics of respiration and phonation depending on smoking or non smoking by practical musicology students and general male students

Abstract

This research compared the features of respiration and phonation between practical musicology students and general male students, according to their smoking status. Participants of this research are 15 practical musicology male students attending ○○ university and 16 general ○○○ university students. The participants, both non-smokers and smokers with 5-years of smoking history have no history of voice disease in any case and have normal cognitive functions. The results indicated that, first, there is not a notable difference in the respiratory activity status(FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC), regardless of major and smoking status. In MPT, even though there is no significant difference in accordance with their majors, considering smoking status, the smoker group was shorter than non-smoker group significant difference statistically (p<.01). Second, the divisions of participants' major did not show significant difference in Fo, jitter, shimmer, and NHR in the vowel prolongation task. However, the smoker group showed a significantly higher degree of jitter and shimmer than the non-smoker group (p<.05) as Fo and NHR shows no difference. In the case of VRP, maximum frequency and frequency range of the practical group are significantly higher than normal group statistically (p<.001). Moreover, although the difference of the minimum frequency shown at the statistic is not significant, practical group showed a higher tendency of frequency than normal group (p=.051). In conclusion, even though there is no difference in respiratory activity between the smoker group and non-smoker group, the MPT of the smoker group is shorter than that of non-smoker group. In addition, the smoker group showed a higher degree of jitter and shimmer than the non-smoker group. MPT is related to the valve action of vocal fold that passes through the glottis. Thus, it is interpreted that the smoker group has a lower quality of voice and valve action of the vocal fold. Also, the practical group has a higher degree of maximum frequency and frequency range than the normal group. This research can function as basic data for vocal characteristics for the majors in relation to the voice-specializing.

Development and Validation of a Novel Simplified Voice Range Profile Measurement Method: Comparison of Maximum Vocal Performance Based on the VRP Protocol

“…대응별 비교 결과, 활창 5회 vs. 축약된 VRP (p =.002), 활창 5회 vs. 반음(p =.000)으로 유의한 차이를 보였으나, 반음 vs. 축약된 VRP (p =.167)에서는 유의한 차 이를 보이지 않았다( Figure 6C). (Bae et al, 2014;Chung, 2000;Chung et al, 2001;Heylen et al, 2000;Kim et al, 2007;Kim et al, 2009;Kim, Choi et al, 2014;Kwon et al, 2010;LeBorgne & Weinrich, 2002;Lim et al, 2016;Ma et al, 2007;Moon & Han, 2007;Sulter et al, 1995). note =A2)를 검사 시작의 기준음으로 (Boone et al, 2014;Ferrand, 2014;Kim, 2008;Kim, 2009Kim, , 2011Pyo et al, 2002)…”

“…, 음성피로를 고 려하여 대상자마다 검사 순서를 무작위로 실시하였다. 먼저, 모음 의 종류에 따른 VRP 차이를 조사하기 위하여, 검사자는 대상자로 하여금 활창으로 모음 /아/, /이/, /우/를 각 1회씩 실시하도록 하였다 (Ferrand, 2014;Lamesch et al, 2008) (Bae et al, 2014;Chung, 2000;Chung et al, 2001;Gramming, 1991;Heylen et al, 2002;Kim et al, 2007;Kim et al, 2009;Kim, Choi et al, 2014;Kwon, Lee, Kim, & Lee, 2010;LeBorgne, & Weinrich, 2002;Lim et al, 2016;Ma et al, 2007;Mituuti, Santos, Teles, & Berretin-Felix, 2013;Moon & Han, 2007;Pabon, Stallinga, Södersten, & Ternström, 2014;Sulter, Schutte, & Miller, 1995). 82.4, 110, 220, 440, 659.3, 880 Hz로 구성하였다.…”