Characteristics of Precipitation over the East Coast of Korea Based on the Special Observation during the Winter Season of 2012

Jung, Se Hwan; Lim, Yun-Kyu; Kim, Ki-Hoon; Han, Sang-Ok; Kwon, Tae-Yong

doi:10.5467/jkess.2014.35.1.41

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The snowfall in this region is known to be characterized by strong orographic effects due to complex terrain in the west (Taebaek Mountains) and by the air-mass transformation in the nearby ocean in the east (East Sea). The orographic enhancement and sea effect induce heavy snowfall in this region (Chung et al, 2004;Cheong et al, 2006;Cho and Kwon, 2012;Jung et al, 2012Jung et al, , 2014. The complexity of the snowfall mechanism arises from the steepness of terrain from the Taebaek mountains to the ocean (horizontal distance of about 20 km and vertical heights of 1000 -2000 m) in combination with air-mass transformation over the warm ocean.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of wind pattern and complex topography on snow microphysics during ICE-POP 2018

Kim¹,

Bang²,

Chang³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Snowfall in north-eastern part of South Korea is the result of complex snowfall mechanisms due to a highly-contrasting terrain combined with nearby warm waters and three synoptic pressure patterns. All these factors together create unique combinations, whose disentangling can provide new insights into the microphysics of snow in the planet. This study focuses on the impact of wind flow and topography on the microphysics drawing of twenty snowfall events during the ICE-POP 2018 (International Collaborative Experiment for Pyeongchang 2018 Olympic and Paralympic winter games) field campaign in the Gangwon region. The vertical structure of precipitation and size distribution characteristics are investigated with collocated MRR (Micro Rain Radar) and PARSIVEL (PARticle SIze VELocity) disdrometers installed across the mountain range. The results indicate that wind shear and embedded turbulence were the cause of the riming process dominating the mountainous region. As the strength of these processes weaken from the mountainous region to the coastal region, riming became less significant and gave way to aggregation. This study specifically analyzes the microphysical characteristics under three major synoptic patterns: air-sea interaction, cold low, and warm low. Air–sea interaction pattern is characterized by more frequent snowfall and vertically deeper precipitation systems in the windward side, resulting in significant aggregation in the coastal region, with riming featuring as a primary growth mechanism in both mountainous and coastal regions. The cold low pattern is characterized by a higher snowfall rate and vertically deep systems in mountainous region, with the precipitation system becoming shallower in the coastal region and strong turbulence being found in the layer below 2 km in the mountainous upstream region (linked with dominant aggregation). The warm low pattern features the deepest system: precipitation here is enhanced by the seeder–feeder mechanism with two different precipitation systems divided by the transition zone (easterly below and westerly above). Overall, it is found that strong shear and turbulence in the transition zone is a likely reason for the dominant riming process in mountainous region, with aggregation being important in both mountainous and coastal regions.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of wind pattern and complex topography on snow microphysics during ICE-POP 2018

Kim¹,

Bang²,

Chang³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…When the synoptic chart over the Korean Peninsula is of a northern high Advances in Meteorology and southern low type, the long period of fog (low clouds) often occurs in the Daegwallyeong area due to the northeast airflow. This fog is effective for experiments of direct seeding into clouds because it moves upward via advection along the steep mountain of the Taebaek Mountain Ranges and flows into Daegwallyeong in a supercooled condition [21][22][23].…”

Section: Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Study of Ground-Based Glaciogenic Seeding of Clouds over the Pyeongchang Region

Yang

Chang

Chae

et al. 2018

Advances in Meteorology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ground-based glaciogenic seeding experiments were conducted at the Daegwallyeong Cloud Physics Observation Site (CPOS) from 2012 to 2015 for the target area Yongpyeong, which lies 9 km away. The preseeding (NOSEED) and seeding (SEED) periods were defined based on the simulation results of AgI concentration (>10 L−1) in the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model with the modified Morrison scheme in microphysics. It was difficult to determine whether snow enhancement via seeding occurred over the entire target area due to uncertainties associated with limitations such as observations and numerical model based on only two points (seeding and target sites). However, in three of four cases, the vertical reflectivity from micro rain radar, total concentration, and average size of snow particles observed at PARSIVEL and precipitation increased in the seeding effect time. In two of four cases, the simulated increased precipitation during the seeding effect time was also observed. In one case that did not show changes after seeding, it is analyzed that a sufficient cloud depth was not supplied to the seeding region due to the blocking effect of the Taebaek Mountains.

show abstract

“…The YD region, on the eastern coast of South Korea, frequently suffers from severe snowfall due to the combined effects of the steep orography (Taebaek Mountains) and its proximity to the ocean (Chung et al 2004;Kim et al 2005;Kim and Chung 2006;Lee et al 2006;Han and Lee 2007;Lee and Kim 2008). Several observational studies have investigated the synoptic characteristics and physical mechanisms of snowfall over the YD region (Jhun et al 1994; Lee and Kim 2008;Lee and Kim 2009;Jung et al 2012;Jung et al 2014). YD snowfall is generally known to follow the synoptic processes listed below.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of the East Asian Winter Monsoon and Local Sea Surface Temperature on Heavy Snowfall over the Yeongdong Region

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This research investigates the impact of local sea surface temperature (SST) on the 2-month (January and February) accumulated snowfall over the Yeongdong (YD) region. The YD region is strongly affected by synoptic-scale factors such as the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM). The relationships of snowfall over the YD region to the EAWM and local SST are examined based on observational analyses and sensitivity experiments using a regional climate model. In the sensitivity experiments, local SST is replaced with the 33-yr mean winter SST (1982–2014). The observational analysis shows that both the synoptic environment and local SST are important factors for the occurrence of anomalous heavy snowfall over the YD region. The favorable synoptic environments can be characterized by eastward expansion of the Siberian high over Manchuria and corresponding enhancement of easterly anomalies over the YD region. These conditions are more frequently observed during the weak EAWM years than during the strong EAWM. Furthermore, warm SST over the East Sea contributes to heavy snowfall over the YD region by providing heat and moisture in the lower troposphere, which are important sources of energy for the formation of heavy snowfall. Warm SST anomalies over the East Sea enhance low-level moisture convergence over the YD region, while cold SST anomalies lead to reduced moisture convergence. Sensitivity experiments indicate that local SST can significantly affect snowfall amount over the YD region when the synoptic environments are favorable. However, without these synoptic conditions (expansion of the Siberian high and easterly inflow), the impact of local SST on the snowfall over the YD region is not significant.

show abstract

Characteristics of Precipitation over the East Coast of Korea Based on the Special Observation during the Winter Season of 2012

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

Impact of wind pattern and complex topography on snow microphysics during ICE-POP 2018

Impact of wind pattern and complex topography on snow microphysics during ICE-POP 2018

Case Study of Ground-Based Glaciogenic Seeding of Clouds over the Pyeongchang Region

Impacts of the East Asian Winter Monsoon and Local Sea Surface Temperature on Heavy Snowfall over the Yeongdong Region

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About