Characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emissions from a UH-1H helicopter engine and its impact on the ambient environment

Chen, Yu‐Cheng; Lee, Wen‐Jhy; Uang, Shi-Nian; Lee, Su-Hsing; Tsai, Perng-Jy

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.06.054

Cited by 37 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Adsorption of sulfuric acid agglomerates and molecular clusters (formed through nucleation, for instance) could occur inside a jet exhaust plume in the atmosphere (Miake-Lye et al, 1994;Kärcher, 1996) leading to chemically modified soot particles that become hydroscopic with improved light-scattering efficiency. Frenzel and Arnold (1994) reported that the formation of sulfite in the plume is only restricted to plumes of age less than 10 ms. Gas-to-particle conversion and coagulation that lead to the buildup of sulfuric (Corporan et al, 2004;Wade, 2004;Rogers et al, 2005;Chen et al, 2006;Jones et al, 2007) reported measurement of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from a UH-1H helicopter and found the emissions level of…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emissions of Volatile Particulate Components from Turboshaft Engines Operated with JP-8 and Fischer-Tropsch Fuels

Cheng

Corporan

DeWitt

et al. 2009

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Particulate emissions from two types of helicopter turboshaft engines operated with military JP-8 and paraffinic Fischer-Tropsch (FT) fuels were characterized as an objective of the field campaign held at the Hunter Army Airfield in Savannah, GA in June 2007. In general helicopter engines exhaust particles size distributions observed at the engine nozzle and 4.14 m downstream locations showing the geometric mean diameters smaller than 50 nm for all engine power settings investigated in this study. For both locations, the geometric mean diameter increased as the engine power setting increased; this trend also holds true for the emitted particle number concentration. The growth of particle geometric mean diameter was found significant, 7 nm, only in the case of the idle power setting.Sulfur-to-sulfate conversion was found to be independent of the engine power setting. Emissions of both sulfur and sulfate increased as the engine power increased. When JP-8 fuel was used, particles smaller than 7 nm were found to increase in samples taken at the downstream location. The number concentration in this tail increased as the power setting increased. No such observation was found when FT fuel was used implying that the increased formation of nuclei particles in the plume downstream was likely to be caused by the sulfur and aromatic compounds in the JP-8 fuel. Total particulate carbon emissions increased as the engine power setting increased. Use of FT fuel reduced the elemental carbon emissions as it compared to the JP-8 fuel, and organic carbon emission at idle power but not at the higher powers. The reduction of elemental carbon by the FT fuel was attributed to the absence of aromatics (soot precursors) in the fuel. The OC/EC ratio was found to be in the range of 3-50 depending on the engine power setting. The aircraft emitted OC/EC was found to decrease as the engine power increased.

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confidence: 99%

Emissions of Volatile Particulate Components from Turboshaft Engines Operated with JP-8 and Fischer-Tropsch Fuels

Cheng

Corporan

DeWitt

et al. 2009

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…As fontes móveis incluem as emissões veiculares, como aeronaves 22 , navegação 23,24 , ferrovias 25 e automóveis 26 . O tipo e a idade do motor, de combustível e a partida a frio são alguns fatores que influenciam na de emissão de HPAs 27 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos Atmosféricos De Fontes Automotivas: Uma Breve Revisão

Azevedo

Araújo

Marinho

2013

HOLOS

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RESUMOA ocorrência de hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos (HPAs) no ambiente tem se tornado preocupante, por eles serem abundantes e possíveis carcinógenos humanos. HPAs e seus derivados são produzidos pela combustão incompleta da matéria orgânica, sendo a queima de combustíveis fósseis uma das principais fontes desses poluentes no meio ambiente. As concentrações de HPAs aumentam significativamente em ambientes urbanos e são influenciadas principalmente pelas emissões veiculares. Os HPAs em fase gasosa são encontrados a baixos níveis no ar atmosférico, apresentando-se comumente associado às partículas finas em suspensão. Esta revisão descreve os HPAs, provenientes de emissões veiculares, quanto as suas características de amostragem e análise, identificação, legislação e saúde ambiental. Oportunamente, alguns países propõem limites de concentração não obrigatórios para os HPAs, porém muitos estudos relacionados à exposição a estes compostos mostram que estes poluentes devem ser prioritários quando se considera a qualidade do ar e o risco à saúde humana. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:HPAs, fontes móveis, material particulado, amostragem, legislação e saúde.

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“…Two-stroke mopeds with small engines emit comparable or even more PAHs than emissions reported from gasolineand diesel-powered passenger cars and light-and heavy-duty vehicles. Chen et al (2006) reported that EFs of total PAHs and total BaPeq for the UH-1H helicopter turboshaft engine (63.4 and 0.309 mg/L-fuel) are 1.65-23.4 and 1.30-7.54 times higher, respectively, than those for the motor vehicle engine, heavy-duty engine, and F101 aircraft engine. LMW PAHs are the dominant PAHs emitted from helicopter engines, accounting for 97.5% of the total PAH emissions.…”

Section: Mobile Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources, Distribution and Toxicity of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Particulate Matter

Lee¹

2010

Air Pollution

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Characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emissions from a UH-1H helicopter engine and its impact on the ambient environment

Cited by 37 publications

References 20 publications

Emissions of Volatile Particulate Components from Turboshaft Engines Operated with JP-8 and Fischer-Tropsch Fuels

Emissions of Volatile Particulate Components from Turboshaft Engines Operated with JP-8 and Fischer-Tropsch Fuels

Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos Atmosféricos De Fontes Automotivas: Uma Breve Revisão

Sources, Distribution and Toxicity of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Particulate Matter

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