Characteristics of Oil Droplets Stabilized by Mineral Particles: Effects of Oil Type and Temperature

Khelifa, Ali; Stoffyn-Egli, Patricia; Hill, Paul S.; Lee, Kenneth

doi:10.1016/s1353-2561(02)00117-2

Cited by 83 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Surface properties of particles are more likely to affect maximum size of flocs, because they affect their strength (Kranenburg, 1999). Moreover, this interpretation seems to be supported also by our recent findings (Khelifa et al, 2002) regarding self-similarity of size distributions of oil droplets formed under different turbulent flow conditions. The factors discussed above control also formation of oil droplets.…”

Section: Self-similarity In Floc-size Distributionssupporting

confidence: 75%

Kinematic assessment of floc formation using a Monte Carlo model

Khelifa

Hill

2006

Journal of Hydraulic Research

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A simple stochastic model is proposed to simulate floc formation due to simultaneous aggregation and breakage processes. The model is based on the constant-number Monte Carlo method where the number of flocs is kept constant during simulations. To produce equilibrium floc-size distributions, it uses established models of flocculation and new simple formulations of breakage probability and of the probability of producing fragments of a given size from broken flocs. The concept of fractal geometry is used to describe the geometry of flocs. The maximum size of flocs allowed, the median size of component particles, and their density are the main inputs needed to simulate floc formation. Simulated steady-state floc-size distributions were compared with field data observed at different locations, and good agreement was obtained. Dimensional analysis applied to measured and simulated data revealed that floc-size distributions are self-similar and can be described by the same function, regardless of the conditions of their formation. RÉSUMÉOn propose un modèle stochastique simple pour simuler une formation de floculation due à des processus simultanés d'agrégation et de rupture. Le modèle est basé sur la méthode de Monte Carlo à nombre constant où le nombre de flocons est maintenu constant pendant les simulations. Pour obtenir des distributions de taille de flocons à l'équilibre, on utilise des modèles établis de floculation et de nouvelles formulations simples pour la probabilité de rupture et la probabilité de produire des fragments d'une taille donnée à partir flocons brisés. Un concept de géométrie fractale est employé pour décrire la géométrie des flocons. La taille maximum admise pour les flocons, la taille médiane et la densité des particules qui les composent sont les principales données requises pour simuler leur formation. Les distributions simulées de taille de flocons à l'état stationnaire ont été comparées à des données en nature observées à différents endroits, et on a obtenu une bonne concordance. L'analyse dimensionnelle appliquée aux données mesurées et les simulées a montré que les distributions de taille de flocons sont auto-semblables et peuvent être décrites par la même fonction, indépendamment des conditions de leur formation.

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Section: Self-similarity In Floc-size Distributionssupporting

confidence: 75%

Kinematic assessment of floc formation using a Monte Carlo model

Khelifa

Hill

2006

Journal of Hydraulic Research

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“…To further investigate the existence of self-similarity in size distributions measured at various salinities, the data obtained with the four oil/sediment combinations were plotted in a normalized form using the dimensionless variables N =N t and D=D 50 , as suggested by Khelifa et al (2002). N t is the total number concentration of droplets, D 50 is the median droplet size and N is the number of droplets of size D. The results are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Size Distributions Of Oil Dropletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This natural mechanism contributes to dispersion of spilled oil because it enhances stability of oil droplets in the water column. More recently, it has been suggested that formation of oil mineral aggregates (OMA) may play a major role in the natural cleaning of oiled shorelines and may be the basis for the development of oil spill countermeasure technologies (Bragg, Prince, Harner, & Atlas, 1994;Bragg & Yang, 1993;, 1999J ez equel, Merlin, & Lee, 1999;Kepkay, Bugden, Lee, & Stoffyn-Egli, 2002;Khelifa, Stoffyn-Egli, Hill, & Lee, 2002, 2003a, 2003bLee et al, 2003, Lee, Lunel, Wood, Swannell, & Stoffyn-Egli, 1997Le Floch et al, 2002;Muschenheim & Lee, 2002;Omotoso, Munoz, & Mikula, 2002;Owens, 1999;, 1994Payne, Clayton, & Kirstein, 2003, 1989, 1999Wood, Lunel, Baily, Lee, & Stoffyn-Egli, 1997). Nevertheless, little is known about the influence of water salinity and clay type on OMA formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of salinity and clay type on oil–mineral aggregation

Khelifa

Stoffyn-Egli²,

Hill

et al. 2005

Marine Environmental Research

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“…OPA formation decreases with decreasing temperatures and can be significantly limited in colder environments (Lee et al, ; Stoffyn‐Egli & Lee, ); additionally, the size of OPAs increases with decreasing temperature (Wang et al, ). Temperature affects OPA formation because it influences the viscosity and adhesion properties of oil, which control the oil's ability to break into small droplets (Danchuk & Willson, ; Delvigne, ; Khelifa et al, ; Liu et al, ). Although OPAs form more readily under warmer conditions, they still form in significant quantities under low‐temperature conditions, which have led to recent research into the intentional formation of OPAs for remediating arctic oil spills (Lee et al, , ; Wang et al, ).…”

Section: Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation, Fate, and Impacts of Microscopic and Macroscopic Oil‐Sediment Residues in Nearshore Marine Environments: A Critical Review

Gustitus

Clement

2017

Reviews of Geophysics

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Crude oil that is spilled in marine environments often interacts with suspended sediments to form residues that can impact the recovery of the affected nearshore ecosystems. When spilled oil and sediment interact, they can form either small microscopic aggregates, commonly referred to as oil‐particle aggregates, or large macroscopic agglomerates, referred to as sediment‐oil agglomerates or sediment‐oil mats. Although these different sized oil‐sediment residues have similar compositions, they are formed under different conditions and have different fates in nearshore environments; the goal of this review is to synthesize our current understanding of these two types of residues. We believe that researchers who focus solely on studying either microscopic aggregates or macroscopic agglomerates could benefit from understanding the research findings available in the other field. In this study, we compare and contrast various processes that control the formation, fate, and impacts of these two types of residues in nearshore environments and point out some of the knowledge gaps in this field. Additionally, these residues have been referred to by many names in the past, leading to confusion and misconceptions at times. In this effort, we recommend a uniform nomenclature to distinguish them based on their physical size. Our overall aim is to bridge the gap between microscopic and macroscopic oil‐sediment residue literature to foster a robust exchange of ideas, which we believe can lead to the development of efficient strategies for managing oil spills that affect nearshore environments.

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Characteristics of Oil Droplets Stabilized by Mineral Particles: Effects of Oil Type and Temperature

Cited by 83 publications

References 25 publications

Kinematic assessment of floc formation using a Monte Carlo model

Kinematic assessment of floc formation using a Monte Carlo model

Effects of salinity and clay type on oil–mineral aggregation

Formation, Fate, and Impacts of Microscopic and Macroscopic Oil‐Sediment Residues in Nearshore Marine Environments: A Critical Review

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