Characteristics of Laminates for Car Seats

Abstract

In the presented research, 11 different laminates were compared, 8 of them were two-layered 3 of them were three-layered laminates. The laminates that were analyzed vary by the type of face-side textile material (knitted and nonwoven textiles), density and thickness of the foam, and specific properties (higher air permeability and low-emission foam). Depending on the different types of laminates, different laminating processes are used: hot-melt, flame, and powder laminations. The purpose of the presented research is to analyze the basic characteristics of the different laminate structures. Properties that are important for these types of laminates are the number of layers, areal density, thickness, resistance to rubbing, fire resistance, water vapor permeability, air permeability, breaking force and extension, thermal conductivity, and stratification. We found that the properties of laminates were not affected by the density and thickness of the foam. Nonwovens and other laminate components do not perform because they have lower abrasion resistance and lower tensile strength than knitted fabrics as the face layer. Knit laminates have good abrasion resistance, high air permeability, and water vapor permeability. Both are self-extinguishing to the first or second mark. Three-layered laminates have lower thermal conductivity and air permeability than two-layered laminates.

Investigating the Effect of Fabric and Lamination-Foam Properties on the Air Permeability of Laminated Headrest Fabrics

“…Hot-melt lamination can be operated by means of an engraving roller or a nozzle in the form of slots. The hot-melt of the polymer binder (commonly copolyamides, copolyesters, PUs, and polyethylene) is fed from the extruder by means of squeegees into the grooves of the engraving cylinder [14]. In powder laminating, the foam is applied as a binder powder over the entire width by means of a sieve template or by spreading.…”